This work, focused on the hegemonic power and exacerbated militarism that represent projects and realities like the anti-missile "defense" conceived by different administrations in the US after World War II, is a thorough investigation into this problem. The author searched on the origins of the American military project and the evolution of military science and technology during the four decades of the so-called "Cold War" and in the context of the landscape of contemporary international politics and the great confrontation with the then Soviet adversary. The research is framed within the historical sciences and policies, extending the period of post-Cold War and to the Barack Obama administration, appreciating the impact of geo-strategic deployment of the anti-missile "defense," for international security and the relations of the United States with Europe, Russia and China, in a stage convulsive and turbulent of the international system in transition or development in the XXI century.