Oxfam carries out original research on various aspects of its overseas programme, as part of a constant monitoring process, and in an effort to gain greater understanding of development programmes and practice. Although primarily a tool for institutional learning, some of the resulting reports are of wider interest. As part of its commitment to sharing experience of good practice, Oxfam publishes those reports which describe innovative research projects, evaluate particularly interesting projects or programmes, or are the proceedings of workshops or seminars. This report rose out of a workshop held in Thailand in February 1993, which included participants from Oxfam UK and Ireland, from the Gender and Development Unit, staff in Asia and the Middle East and from sister organizations. The report aims to present the discussions at the workshop in a form which should be of interest and practical use to development workers, both in the field and in planning and policy, who are seeking practical and theoretical insights into the problems of integrating a gender perspective into conflict-related work. The impact of conflict on women and gender relations are analyzed, and appropriate research and planning tools, gender-sensitive programme implementation and training needs for staff and partners are assessed. There are several case studies from different countries where conflict is affecting the lives of men and women, and the work of NGOs.