This work will follow the theme of the changes made to the institutes of legal separation and divorce with the advent of the new CPC. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to shed light on the aforementioned institutes in light of this new Codex, seeking to bring and understand the changes in the spouses' right to legal separation and divorce. In this way, this research will be referred to a conceptual attempt of the mentioned institutes and, also, to bring the procedural legislative evolutions related to the dissolution of the society and conjugal bond, in order to then be able to understand the changes and innovations that have affected the new civil procedural statute. Next, the subsistence of the institute of separation in Family Law will be addressed, especially in the procedural scope, starting with the entry of Constitutional Amendment No. 66 of 2010 in the Brazilian legal system and its impacts on the institutes addressed herein, and then analyze, critically, the legislative insistence on maintaining the right of separation.