Crime and Punishment: A Reader's Guide focuses on narrative strategy, psychology, and ideology. Martinsen demonstrates how Dostoevsky fi rst plunges the reader into Raskolnikov's fevered brain, creating sympathy for him, and she explains why most readers root for him to get away from the scene of the crime. Dostoevsky subsequently provides outsider perspectives on Raskolnikov's thinking, effecting a conversion in reader sympathy. By examining the multiple justifi cations for murder Raskolnikov gives as he confesses to Sonya, Dostoevsky debunks rationality-based theories. Finally, the question of why Raskolnikov and others, including the reader, focus on the murder of the pawnbroker and forget the unintended murder of Lizaveta reveals a narrative strategy based on shame and guilt.