Few problems are as complicated as drug misuse. Drug addiction is a major public health issue with implications for healthcare systems and society at large. As well as expenditure on prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, costs are also incurred by the welfare, social service and the criminal justice systems. In addition, there are further human costs associated with impaired health, damaged relationships and lowered productivity.This book is about treatment options. The history of addiction treatment has been characterised by fads and fashions. Some of the treatments used have been, at best ineffective, at worst harmful, and occasionally even dangerous. However, in the past two decades, many promising treatment interventions and procedures, and new therapeutic agents have been developed. Different forms of psychological treatments have been tested and provided in a systematic manner. There are a range of pharmacological options where once there were very few. Most importantly, there is increasing evidence about the effectiveness of many of these treatments, and there is a clearer understanding of the importance of the social, environmental, behavioural and cognitive processes involved, as well as the use of active coping strategies during recovery.Addiction treatment involves a variety of different practices and procedures used with different populations and which are designed to achieve different goals. Drug Addiction and its Treatment explains why no single treatment is effective for everyone with a drug addiction problem.Treatment is provided by a range of personnel from differing backgrounds and in a range of settings. This book should be read by psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, social workers, nurses, policy makers, service managers, and researchers with an interest in addiction.