The process which is involved in discovering new candidate medications is termed as drug discovery. It lies on the intersection of the fields of pharmacology, biotechnology and medicine. The process of drug discovery consists of identifying screening hits, medicinal chemistry and then increasing the selectivity, oral bioavailability, potency and affinity of the drug through optimization. Finding a drug for a particular disease makes use of a method which is termed as high-throughput screening. This involves testing a vast collection of chemicals for their capability to affect a target area. The selectivity of the compounds in relation to their determined targets is also studied since the molecule should affect only the intended target, not other related targets. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the science and business of drug discovery. The ever growing need of advanced technology is the reason that has fueled the research in this field in recent times. This book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.