Drugs and Human Behavior
Autor David M. Grillyen Limba Engleză Paperback – 7 iul 2005
By examining human drug use from historical, societal, and biological perspectives, Grilly provides a rich foundation for understanding drugs affecting the brain and their usage. In addition to describing basic pharmacological principles, Grilly discusses the general factors behind drug tolerance, dependence, and abuse as well as approaches for dealing with these problems. Pharmacotherapy for the major mental disorders is described from both biochemical and clinical efficacy perspectives. By using the most up-to-date research and by presenting data in concise, jargon-free prose, the author has created one of the most comprehensive and accessible books on the subject.
Information is organized from the general to the specific, beginning with a historical perspective and subsequently moving through coverage of basic pharmacological principles and processes, drug classifications, and approaches to drug tolerance, dependence and abuse. Grilly then describes the psychological and behavioral effects of specific psychotropic drugs used recreationally and therapeutically, with coverage of their pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action, common side effects, and current issues regarding their uses.
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9780205443628
ISBN-10: 0205443621
Pagini: 456
Dimensiuni: 178 x 235 x 21 mm
Greutate: 0.73 kg
Ediția:5Nouă
Editura: Pearson Education
Colecția Pearson Education
Locul publicării:Upper Saddle River, United States
ISBN-10: 0205443621
Pagini: 456
Dimensiuni: 178 x 235 x 21 mm
Greutate: 0.73 kg
Ediția:5Nouă
Editura: Pearson Education
Colecția Pearson Education
Locul publicării:Upper Saddle River, United States
Cuprins
Preface.
1. Psychopharmacology in Perspective.
A Historical Overview of Psychopharmacology.
Predecessors to Modern Pharmacotherapies.
The Psychopharmacological Revolution.
Recreational and Social Drug Use.
Websites for Further Information.
2. Basic Principles of Pharmacology.
Drugs and Receptors.
Dose-Response Relationships.
Drug Interactions.
Websites for Further Information.
3. Pharmacokinetics.
Drug Absorption.
Routes of Administration.
Drug Distribution.
Metabolism.
Drug Excretion.
Implications of Pharmacokinetics in the Fetus and Neonate.
Websites for Further Information.
4. Conduction and Neurotransmission.
The Neuron.
Conduction.
Neurotransmission.
Synaptic Neurotransmission.
Auto receptors and Presynaptic Receptors.
Nonsynaptic Diffusion Neurotransmission.
Retrograde Neurotransmission.
A Perspective on Neurotransmission.
Websites for Further Information.
5. Neuroactive Ligands and the Nervous System.
Neurotransmitters, Neuromodulators, and Neurohormones.
Specific Neurotransmitters.
Neurotransmitters and Diet.
Structures and Subsystems of the Nervous System.
Peripheral Nervous System.
Central Nervous System.
Drugs, the Nervous System, and Behavior: A Perspective.
Websites for Further Information.
6. Tolerance and Dependence.
What Is Tolerance?
Tolerance Mechanisms.
Mechanisms of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Tolerance.
Mechanisms of Context-Specific Tolerance.
What Is Dependence?
Factors in Dependence.
General Factors in Treatment for Drug Dependency.
State-Dependent Learning.
Websites for Further Information.
7. Psychotropic Drug Classification.
Molecular Structure-Activity Relationships.
Depressant versus Stimulant Classifications.
Drug Use Classification.
Schedule-Controlled Drugs.
Websites for Further Information.
8. Sedative-Hypnotics and Anxiolytics.
Alcohol (Ethanol).
Psychological Effects of Ethanol.
Ethanol Pharmacokinetics.
Ethanol Pharmacodynamics.
Chronic Effects of Alcohol Use.
Beneficial Effects of Alcohol.
Tolerance, Dependence, and Alcoholism.
What is Alcoholism?
Etiology of Alcoholism.
Treatment of Alcoholism.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
Barbiturates and Other Sedative-Hypnotics.
Inhalants: Anesthetic Gases and Solvents.
Anxiolytics.
Anxiety Disorders Treated With Anxiolytics.
Benzodiazepines.
Buspirone.
Antidepressants as Anxiolytics.
Kava: An Herbal Anxiolytic?
Sedative-Hypnotics and Insomnia.
Websites for Further Information.
9. Psychostimulants.
Caffeine.
Amphetamines and Related Drugs.
Psychological Effects of Amphetamines.
Clinical Uses for Amphetamines.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Amphetamines.
Dependence on Amphetamines.
Effects of Chronic Amphetamine Exposure.
Cocaine.
Psychological Effects of Cocaine.
Pharmacokinetics of Cocaine.
Pharmacodynamics of Cocaine.
Cocaine Dependence.
Direct Adverse Consequences of Cocaine.
Treatment of Cocaine and Amphetamine Abuse.
Nicotine.
Pemoline.
Modafinil.
Psychostimulants, Learning, and Memory.
Websites for Further Information.
10. Opioids (Narcotics) and Their Antagonists.
Endogenous Opioid Peptides and Their Receptors.
Typical Opiates.
Behavioral and Physiological Effects of Opiates.
Opioid Pharmacodynamics.
Tolerance and Dependence on Opiates.
Treatment for Opiate Dependence.
The "Overdose" Phenomenon.
Legal Factors in the Narcotics Problem.
Opiate Antagonists: Potential Uses.
Websites for Further Information.
11. Psychotomimetics, Psychedelics, and Hallucinogens.
Some General Characteristics of P/P/Hs.
Monoamine-Related P/P/Hs.
LSD’s Historical Significance.
Pharmacodynamics of LSD and Related Compounds.
Psychological Effects of Monoamine P/P/Hs.
MDMA (“Ecstasy”).
Cannabinoids.
Psychological Effects of Marijuana.
Cannabinoids Pharmacokinetics.
Pharmacodynamics of Delta-9-THC.
Psychopathological Effects of Marijuana.
Tolerance and Dependence on Cannabis.
Non-CNS-Related Effects of Marijuana.
Dissociative Anesthetics: Phencyclidine and Ketamine.
Pharmacodynamics and Psychological Effects of PCP.
PCP-Induced Psychosis.
Treatment for PCP Psychosis.
Ketamine.
Anticholinergics.
Effects of Anticholinergics.
Pharmacodynamics of Anticholinergics.
Ibogaine P/P/Hs: The Human Experience.
Websites for Further Information.
12. Antipsychotics.
Biochemical Hypotheses of Schizophrenia.
The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia.
Alternatives to the Dopamine Hypothesis.
Present-Day Antipsychotics.
Conventional (Typical, First Generation) Antipsychotics.
Atypical (Second Generation) Antipsychotics.
Aripiprazole — A Third Generation Antipsychotic.
Efficacy of Antipsychotics.
Pharmacodynamics of Antipsychotics.
Antipsychotic Side Effects.
Tardive Dyskinesia.
Current Pharmacotherapy for Schizophrenia.
Websites for Further Information.
13. Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers.
Biochemical Hypotheses of Affective Disorders.
The Monoamine Hypothesis of Mood Disorders.
The Neurotrophic Theory of Affective Disorders.
Other Potential Neurotransmitters Involved in Mood Disorders.
Pharmacotherapy for Depression.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs).
Tricyclic Antidepressants.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Reversible Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase A (RIMAs).
Alternative Antidepressants.
Psychostimulants.
Drug Combinations in the Treatment of Depression.
A Perspective On Antidepressant Medication.
Pharmacotherapy in Mania and Bipolar Illnesses.
Lithium.
Efficacy of Lithium in Mood Disturbances.
Pharmacokinetics of Lithium.
Alternatives to Lithium in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorders.
Pharmacodynamics of Mood Stabilizers.
Nondrug Treatments for Depression.
Websites for Further Information.
14. Pharmacotherapy for Miscellaneous Mental Disorders.
Disorders in Children.
Attention Deficit Disorder.
Autistic Disorder.
Childhood Schizophrenia.
Mental Retardation.
Affective Disorders in Children and Adolescents.
Parkinson's Disease.
Tourette's Syndrome.
Epilepsy.
Geriatric Psychopharmacology.
Sexual Dysfunction.
Eating Disorders.
Websites for Further Information.
Bibliography.
Drug Name Index.
Index.
1. Psychopharmacology in Perspective.
A Historical Overview of Psychopharmacology.
Predecessors to Modern Pharmacotherapies.
The Psychopharmacological Revolution.
Recreational and Social Drug Use.
Websites for Further Information.
2. Basic Principles of Pharmacology.
Drugs and Receptors.
Dose-Response Relationships.
Drug Interactions.
Websites for Further Information.
3. Pharmacokinetics.
Drug Absorption.
Routes of Administration.
Drug Distribution.
Metabolism.
Drug Excretion.
Implications of Pharmacokinetics in the Fetus and Neonate.
Websites for Further Information.
4. Conduction and Neurotransmission.
The Neuron.
Conduction.
Neurotransmission.
Synaptic Neurotransmission.
Auto receptors and Presynaptic Receptors.
Nonsynaptic Diffusion Neurotransmission.
Retrograde Neurotransmission.
A Perspective on Neurotransmission.
Websites for Further Information.
5. Neuroactive Ligands and the Nervous System.
Neurotransmitters, Neuromodulators, and Neurohormones.
Specific Neurotransmitters.
Neurotransmitters and Diet.
Structures and Subsystems of the Nervous System.
Peripheral Nervous System.
Central Nervous System.
Drugs, the Nervous System, and Behavior: A Perspective.
Websites for Further Information.
6. Tolerance and Dependence.
What Is Tolerance?
Tolerance Mechanisms.
Mechanisms of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Tolerance.
Mechanisms of Context-Specific Tolerance.
What Is Dependence?
Factors in Dependence.
General Factors in Treatment for Drug Dependency.
State-Dependent Learning.
Websites for Further Information.
7. Psychotropic Drug Classification.
Molecular Structure-Activity Relationships.
Depressant versus Stimulant Classifications.
Drug Use Classification.
Schedule-Controlled Drugs.
Websites for Further Information.
8. Sedative-Hypnotics and Anxiolytics.
Alcohol (Ethanol).
Psychological Effects of Ethanol.
Ethanol Pharmacokinetics.
Ethanol Pharmacodynamics.
Chronic Effects of Alcohol Use.
Beneficial Effects of Alcohol.
Tolerance, Dependence, and Alcoholism.
What is Alcoholism?
Etiology of Alcoholism.
Treatment of Alcoholism.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
Barbiturates and Other Sedative-Hypnotics.
Inhalants: Anesthetic Gases and Solvents.
Anxiolytics.
Anxiety Disorders Treated With Anxiolytics.
Benzodiazepines.
Buspirone.
Antidepressants as Anxiolytics.
Kava: An Herbal Anxiolytic?
Sedative-Hypnotics and Insomnia.
Websites for Further Information.
9. Psychostimulants.
Caffeine.
Amphetamines and Related Drugs.
Psychological Effects of Amphetamines.
Clinical Uses for Amphetamines.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Amphetamines.
Dependence on Amphetamines.
Effects of Chronic Amphetamine Exposure.
Cocaine.
Psychological Effects of Cocaine.
Pharmacokinetics of Cocaine.
Pharmacodynamics of Cocaine.
Cocaine Dependence.
Direct Adverse Consequences of Cocaine.
Treatment of Cocaine and Amphetamine Abuse.
Nicotine.
Pemoline.
Modafinil.
Psychostimulants, Learning, and Memory.
Websites for Further Information.
10. Opioids (Narcotics) and Their Antagonists.
Endogenous Opioid Peptides and Their Receptors.
Typical Opiates.
Behavioral and Physiological Effects of Opiates.
Opioid Pharmacodynamics.
Tolerance and Dependence on Opiates.
Treatment for Opiate Dependence.
The "Overdose" Phenomenon.
Legal Factors in the Narcotics Problem.
Opiate Antagonists: Potential Uses.
Websites for Further Information.
11. Psychotomimetics, Psychedelics, and Hallucinogens.
Some General Characteristics of P/P/Hs.
Monoamine-Related P/P/Hs.
LSD’s Historical Significance.
Pharmacodynamics of LSD and Related Compounds.
Psychological Effects of Monoamine P/P/Hs.
MDMA (“Ecstasy”).
Cannabinoids.
Psychological Effects of Marijuana.
Cannabinoids Pharmacokinetics.
Pharmacodynamics of Delta-9-THC.
Psychopathological Effects of Marijuana.
Tolerance and Dependence on Cannabis.
Non-CNS-Related Effects of Marijuana.
Dissociative Anesthetics: Phencyclidine and Ketamine.
Pharmacodynamics and Psychological Effects of PCP.
PCP-Induced Psychosis.
Treatment for PCP Psychosis.
Ketamine.
Anticholinergics.
Effects of Anticholinergics.
Pharmacodynamics of Anticholinergics.
Ibogaine P/P/Hs: The Human Experience.
Websites for Further Information.
12. Antipsychotics.
Biochemical Hypotheses of Schizophrenia.
The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia.
Alternatives to the Dopamine Hypothesis.
Present-Day Antipsychotics.
Conventional (Typical, First Generation) Antipsychotics.
Atypical (Second Generation) Antipsychotics.
Aripiprazole — A Third Generation Antipsychotic.
Efficacy of Antipsychotics.
Pharmacodynamics of Antipsychotics.
Antipsychotic Side Effects.
Tardive Dyskinesia.
Current Pharmacotherapy for Schizophrenia.
Websites for Further Information.
13. Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers.
Biochemical Hypotheses of Affective Disorders.
The Monoamine Hypothesis of Mood Disorders.
The Neurotrophic Theory of Affective Disorders.
Other Potential Neurotransmitters Involved in Mood Disorders.
Pharmacotherapy for Depression.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs).
Tricyclic Antidepressants.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Reversible Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase A (RIMAs).
Alternative Antidepressants.
Psychostimulants.
Drug Combinations in the Treatment of Depression.
A Perspective On Antidepressant Medication.
Pharmacotherapy in Mania and Bipolar Illnesses.
Lithium.
Efficacy of Lithium in Mood Disturbances.
Pharmacokinetics of Lithium.
Alternatives to Lithium in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorders.
Pharmacodynamics of Mood Stabilizers.
Nondrug Treatments for Depression.
Websites for Further Information.
14. Pharmacotherapy for Miscellaneous Mental Disorders.
Disorders in Children.
Attention Deficit Disorder.
Autistic Disorder.
Childhood Schizophrenia.
Mental Retardation.
Affective Disorders in Children and Adolescents.
Parkinson's Disease.
Tourette's Syndrome.
Epilepsy.
Geriatric Psychopharmacology.
Sexual Dysfunction.
Eating Disorders.
Websites for Further Information.
Bibliography.
Drug Name Index.
Index.
Textul de pe ultima copertă
By examining human drug use from historical, societal, and biological perspectives, Grilly: Drugs and Human Behavior, Fifth Edition, provides a rich foundation for understanding drugs affecting the brain. In addition to describing basic pharmacological principles, this text discusses the general factors behind drug tolerance, dependence, and abuse and approaches for dealing with these problems. Pharmacotherapy for the major mental disorders is described from both biochemical and clinical efficacy perspectives. By using the most up-to-date research, and by presenting data in concise, jargon-free prose, the author has created one of the most comprehensive and accessible books on the subject.
- Incorporates the most up-to-date research to provide students with the most accurate information in the field, including a detailed discussion of new perspectives on the mechanisms behind antidepressant drugs and coverage of new FDA–approved drugs used in the treatment of a variety of mental disorders.
- Contains concise coverage of the most important aspects of a broad range of drugs that humans use to alter mood, mental function, and behavior.
- Discusses a variety of mechanisms behind drug tolerance, dependence, and abuse phenomena, and links them together. Provides a number of approaches for prevention and for reduction of their consequences.
- Describes the biochemical bases of action and the clinical efficacy of drugs commonly used in the treatment of mental and emotional disorders.
- Describes new drug treatments and current trends in abuse and dependence. Includes an updated drug index at the end of the text.
- Offers more coverage of potential pharmacotherapies for drug abuse and uses of opiates for controlling chronic pain.
- Provides expanded coverage of benefits from the use of atypical antipsychotics as first-line treatments for schizophrenia, exposing alternative treatment options.
Caracteristici
- Contains concise coverage of the most important aspects of a broad range of drugs that humans use to alter mood, mental functions, and behavior.
- Organizes issues relevant to all psychoactive drugs, allowing students to use the deductive approach in the learning process. For example, after covering the first six chapters, the instructor can ask why some drugs with the same mechanism of action have different degrees of abuse potential or liability, or different degrees and duration of withdrawal symptoms.
- Discusses not only a variety of mechanisms behind drug tolerance, dependence, and abuse phenomena, but also links them together and provides a number of approaches for prevention and reduction of their consequences.
- Describes the biochemical bases of action and the clinical efficacy of drugs commonly used in the treatment of mental and emotional disorders.
- Provides relevant websites at the end of each chapter.
- Reveals new drug treatments and current trends in abuse and dependence and includes an updated drug index at the end of the text.
Caracteristici noi
- Incorporates the most up-to-date research to provide students with the most accurate information in the field, including a detailed discussion of new perspectives on the mechanisms behind antidepressant drugs and coverage of new FDA approved drugs used in the treatment of a variety of mental disorders.
- Offers more coverage of potential pharmacotherapies for drug abuse and uses of opiates for controlling chronic pain, all of which better inform students of various treatments within the field.
- Provides expanded coverage of benefits from the use of atypical antipsychotics as first-line treatments for schizophrenia, exposing students to alternative treatment options.