This book discusses current research developments in the field of mathematics. Topics presented include exceptional groups, symmetric spaces and applications; LIE group analysis; graph groupoids and corresponding representations; fuzzy logic in molecular computing; closed-loop optimal fuzzy reasoning; nozzle design optimisation; a branch-and-price algorithm for the stochastic generalised assignment problem; parametric dual regularisation in a linear-convex mathematical programming and fast multilevel algorithms for diverse application in computational biology and bioinformatics.