Encyclopedia of Migration
Editat de Frank D. Bean, Susan K. Brownen Limba Engleză Electronic book text – 25 oct 2026
The International Encyclopedia of Migration will be a significant resource for students, teachers, practitioners, scholars and researchers interested in or working on any aspect of migration in any field. It should be particularly useful for people seeking information and knowledge about migration from fields other than their own.
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9789400727861
ISBN-10: 9400727860
Pagini: 4000
Dimensiuni: 193 x 260 mm
Ediția:1st ed. 2027
Editura: SPRINGER NETHERLANDS
Colecția Springer
Locul publicării:Dordrecht, Netherlands
ISBN-10: 9400727860
Pagini: 4000
Dimensiuni: 193 x 260 mm
Ediția:1st ed. 2027
Editura: SPRINGER NETHERLANDS
Colecția Springer
Locul publicării:Dordrecht, Netherlands
Public țintă
Professional/practitionerDescriere
This
International
Encyclopedia
of
Migration
will
define
and
explicate
terms,
concepts
and
key
topics
with
widespread
usage
and
recurring
relevance
for
learning
about
and
developing
the
fields
of
both
international
and
internal
migration.
With
migration
being
partly
defined
in
the
modern
era
by
law
and
public
policy,
the
subject
includes
knowledge
not
only
from
these
areas
but
also
from
a
full
array
of
academic
disciplines.
Hence,
this
encyclopedia
will
include
material
from
such
fields
as
anthropology,
archaeology,
criminology,
demography,
economics,
education,
ethnic
studies,
geography,
health
sciences,
history,
law,
linguistics,
public
policy,
political
science,
psychology
and
sociology.
As
migration
has
been
such
an
important
part
of
the
peopling
of
all
parts
of
the
world,
this
encyclopedia
will
also
include
synopses
of
major
geographic
movements
from
ancient
and
early
history.
The International Encyclopedia of Migration will be a significant resource for students, teachers, practitioners, scholars and researchers interested in or working on any aspect of migration in any field. It should be particularly useful for people seeking information and knowledge about migration from fields other than their own.
The International Encyclopedia of Migration will be a significant resource for students, teachers, practitioners, scholars and researchers interested in or working on any aspect of migration in any field. It should be particularly useful for people seeking information and knowledge about migration from fields other than their own.
Cuprins
TOPICS
AND
SUBTOPICS:
(first
draft)
International vs. internal
This topic covers the general demographic and statistical concepts underpinning migration research. Initially, migration research followed a standardized set of concepts and measurements derived from demographic research and often dependent upon the geographical units within which data are collected. However, the research has expanded into multiple fields with many methodologies, both qualitative and quantitative.
Demographic concepts
Migration data vary widely across countries, both in terms of scope of collection and basic understanding of the definition of migration. This section examines the types of data collection instruments and their components.
Censuses
No one theoretical perspective dominates the study of migration. Rather, multiple social science perspectives, all relatively new, compete with one another. This section will cover each theory and the underlying social, cultural and economic concepts.
Evolution of migration theories
Particular types of people are more likely to migrate than others. This section describes these typologies and the theoretical and practical considerations of migrants.
Adjustment causes vs. induced causes of residential mobility (Clark)
For more than a century, the dominant trend in worldwide migration has been urbanization, so that for the first time in history, more than half of the world’s population lives in an urban area. This section describes the aspects of urban growth related to migration.
Urban transition
This section describes the best-known theories of assimilation and incorporation.
Acculturation
Immigrants adjust to their destination society in multiple dimensions. This section expounds on the variety of responses to immigration by immigrants and the host society.
Identity formation
Cultural citizenship
IX. Migration Policy
Policy strongly affects both internal and international migration. This section describes current and past policies across a range of countries. It includes legislation, legal cases, specific government offices and informal policy practices.
International migration
- Basic Outlines of Migration
International vs. internal
- Distance and activity space, duration, and national versus local boundaries.
- Change in circulation
- Partial vs. total displacement migration
- International as product of Westphalian system of nation-states
- Growth of regulation in 20thcentury
- Growth in typologies of migrants
- Diasporas may exist without nation-state identification
- Primitive, or nomadic
- Voluntary, or agent-based, within large groups or clans or small-scale, as individuals or households
- Authorized, legal, documented
- Unauthorized, illegal, undocumented; "aliens"
- Involuntary, or forced, impelled.
- Displacement, warfare; environmental degradation and disaster
- Human trafficking, slavery
- Refugees, asylees
- Circular, or returning migration, sojourner vs. settler
- Step migration
- International: students, tourists, business travelers; foreign-born vs. immigrants
- Internal: Recurrent movement (commuting, daily crossings, seasonal work)
This topic covers the general demographic and statistical concepts underpinning migration research. Initially, migration research followed a standardized set of concepts and measurements derived from demographic research and often dependent upon the geographical units within which data are collected. However, the research has expanded into multiple fields with many methodologies, both qualitative and quantitative.
Demographic concepts
- Flows vs. stocks
- Areas of origin and destination
- Emigration and immigration
- Differential migration
- Gross and net migration
- Components of change (residual) estimation; forward survival.
- Status and propensity rates, probabilities, in-migration, out-migration rates, net migration
- Estimates and population projections
- Distance, distance decay, gravity models
- Efficiency: ratio of streams to counterstreams
- Migration histories
- Econometric models and general models of inequality, within and between cities or countries
- Multivariate regression analysis
- Ethnographies
- Geographic Information Systems, with database of attribute information, boundary files, digital map layers, analysis tools and user interface.
- Political and data units: e.g. wards, counties, metropolitan areas, states, provinces, nations
Migration data vary widely across countries, both in terms of scope of collection and basic understanding of the definition of migration. This section examines the types of data collection instruments and their components.
Censuses
- Frequency, coverage, de facto vs. de jure, usual residence, field checking, coverage error and content, net and differential undercounts, continuous measurement, migration questions, dual-system estimation, demographic analysis
- Types of files and unit coverage: e.g. region, division, state, county, minor civil division/townships, places, census tracts, block groups, blocks.
- Population registers, universal and partial; ports of entry and/or exit, passports and visas issued, immigration yearbooks, tax records, social welfare/security records, city directories, postal stops, school enrollments, construction permits, utility usage.
- Sampling issues, sample bias, panel studies, attrition.
- Naturalizations and change of migration status
- Apprehensions and deportations; denaturalizations
- Asylee petitions, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
No one theoretical perspective dominates the study of migration. Rather, multiple social science perspectives, all relatively new, compete with one another. This section will cover each theory and the underlying social, cultural and economic concepts.
Evolution of migration theories
- Ravenstein’s laws
- Intervening opportunities (Stouffer)
- Intervening obstacles (Lee)
- Demographic transition
- Population pressure
- "Push-pull"
- Macro- and micro-theory
- Regional labor supply and demand
- Equilibrium wage markets
- Opportunity costs
- Marginal productivity of labor
- Rational-actor and human capital models
- Factor mobility
- Discounted net returns over time
- Expected earnings gap vs. absolute wage differential
- Credit and risk markets, insurance for crops, unemployment and retirement
- Household-level decision making
- Relative deprivation
- Migration and intermediate investment
- Structural inflation and status (occupational) hierarchies
- Reference wages
- Economic dualism and bifurcated labor markets; primary and secondary sectors
- Ethnic enclaves and enclave economies
- Demographic shifts in labor supply
- Historical-structuralist view of uneven development; dependency theory
- Core-periphery dichotomy
- Brain drain
- Land consolidation and agricultural displacement
- Export-processing zones
- Cultural linkages
- Global cities and hourglass economy
- "Structure-agency problematic" (Giddens)
- Intermediary institutions connect potential migrants to jobs
- Role of information
- Chain migration, "auspices" of migration (Tilly and Brown)
- Forms of fungible capital: social, human, financial, cultural
- Enforceable trust
- Strong and weak ties
- Utility maximization
- Social context of migration
- Culture of migration
- Social labeling of jobs
- Migration hump, density function, cumulative density function
- Hegemonic
stability
in
a
geopolitical
order
<
- Labor importation
Particular types of people are more likely to migrate than others. This section describes these typologies and the theoretical and practical considerations of migrants.
Adjustment causes vs. induced causes of residential mobility (Clark)
- Adjustment: Housing/tenure, neighborhood effects, physical environment, public services, and accessibility, commuting
- Induced: employment, job change, retirement
- Induced: life cycle change
- Household formation, change in marital status
- Change in household size
- Gender, age differentials
- Depends on stress threshold function for mobility decision
- Stream of information
- Residential preferences
- Field theory approach to searching
- Duration-dependence
- Socioeconomic mobility
- Chronic movers
- Seasonal dependence, snowbirds
- Paradox of declining immigrant health in wealthier destination countries
- Fertility changes
- Reference group changes
For more than a century, the dominant trend in worldwide migration has been urbanization, so that for the first time in history, more than half of the world’s population lives in an urban area. This section describes the aspects of urban growth related to migration.
Urban transition
- Rural-urban continuum
- Megalopolis/urban agglomeration
- Transnational urban systems
- Transportation, commuting costs; natural evolution theory
- Fiscal, social stresses
- Land conversion, water availability, infrastructure
- Rank-size rule, balanced urban system
- Crowding, slums, squatters, gentrification
- Central cities, suburbs, exurbs
- Urban sprawl, multiple nuclei
- NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard) movements
- Chicago School and human ecology, concentric zones, sector models; edge cities
- Structural approach; uneven development (Harvey, Lefebvre); circuits of capital
- Los Angeles school; post-Marxian, postmodernist epistemologies
- Political economy and urban growth machines
- Urban economics
- Location theories (e.g. least-cost, economic base, incubator, industrial specializations and nodal metros; maquiladoras; export processing zones, employment poles)
- Consumer functions, central place theory, retail gravitation
This section describes the best-known theories of assimilation and incorporation.
Acculturation
- Language acquisition, bi- or multilingualism, Fishman model of language acquisition
- Customs, values and practices
- Consonant and dissonant
- Classical/canonical accounts: race relations cycle, structural assimilation, melting pot (triple melting pot), social distance, social networks, ethnic association, ethclass
- Newer accounts: "Anglo-conformity," straight-line vs. bumpy line assimilation, neo-institutionalism, incorporation, immigrant generation.
- Ethnic construction and reconstruction, panethnicity
- Boundary formation, bounded solidarity
- Symbolic ethnicity; mosaic metaphor
- Visible minorities
- Ethnic hierarchy and structural disadvantage
- Mainstream, "core" society
- Divergent paths
- Downward mobility, oppositional subcultures, neighborhood effects
- Selective acculturation, ethnic retention
- Globalization and transnational cultural studies
- Transmigrants vs. diasporas
Immigrants adjust to their destination society in multiple dimensions. This section expounds on the variety of responses to immigration by immigrants and the host society.
Identity formation
- Public opinion toward immigration,
- Negative: xenophobia, alien, prejudice, racism, self vs. Other, scapegoating
- Positive: Model minority, "American Dream"
- Multiracial identification; phenotype
- Selective identification
- Hyphenated identification
- Religious and linguistic change
- Ancestry studies
- Second-generation revolt
- Endogamy and exogamy rates
- Opportunity structure: blocked mobility, hourglass economy
- Ethnic economy
- Educational opportunity: affirmative action
- Place stratification vs. spatial integration
- Segregation mechanisms: steering, redlining, mortgage discrimination
- Residential preferences
- Home ownership and suburbanization
- Non-citizen: legalization, naturalization, civic association
- Citizen: voting, political participation
Cultural citizenship
IX. Migration Policy
Policy strongly affects both internal and international migration. This section describes current and past policies across a range of countries. It includes legislation, legal cases, specific government offices and informal policy practices.
International migration
- Entrance policies
- Health and literacy tests
- Quotas
- Visa requirements, types of visas
- Permanent vs. temporary visa types
- Priorities for admittance, employment categories
- Family reunification and sponsorship
- Exit policies
- Deportation and denaturalization
- Criminalization of immigrants
- Residence requirements
- Incorporation policies, job banks and civics and language training
- Citizenship
- Jus soli vs. jus sanguinis
- Dual citizenship
- Guest workers
- Specific flows, e.g. Gastarbeiter, braceros
- Repatriation
- Restrictions on employment
- Control of immigration
- Border policies
- Bureaucracies
- Migrants’ rights
- Civil protections
- Secondary and tertiary education; tuition
- Access to jobs
- Home ownership, mortgage interest tax deductions, lending practices, housing institutions
- Transportation: commuting, highway systems and public transportation
- Job training, job transfers and tax policy
- Residency requirements (e.g. hukou in China) and floating populations
- Remittances
- Multiplier (second round) effects
- Short-run income effects (income elasticities) and income distribution
- Consumption vs. investment uses
- Repatriation of foreign earnings
- Community development
- Economic effects
- Returns to scale
- Wages of natives
- Productivity of labor and capital
- Revenues and expenditures
- Welfare expenditures
- Tax streams
- Colonization: USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Siberia, South Africa, Israel, Latin America
- Contemporary labor importation: Europe, Japan, Middle East, Africa (refugees)
- Traditional: Europe, China, India, Philippines
- Contemporary: East Asia, South Asia, Africa, Latin America, Caribbean
- Homo erectus, Neanderthals, Cro-Magnon
- Paleo-Indian
- Indo-European
- Aboriginal seafarers
- Mediterranean (e.g. Phoenician, Greek, Roman)
- Celtic
- Bantu
- Lapita in New Guinea
- Turk and Mongol, steppe peoples
- Huns and those they displaced: Goths and Vandals
- Anglo-Saxon
- Arab
- Viking in western Europe and Russia
- Norman
- Germans eastward
- Toltec and Aztec
- African slaves
- Jews
- Roma
- Italians and other Europeans
- Chinese
- Armenians
- A
large
body
of
literature
covers
the
global
economic
and
political
institutions
that
enable
transfer
of
capital,
investment,
and
the
movement
of
people.
This
section
covers
some
of
the
institutional
actors
and
treaties
that
have
enabled
global
movement
of
goods
and
people,
from
the
Pax
Romana
to
the
Peace
of
Westphalia
to
the
United
Nations,
the
International
Monetary
Fund
and
the
General
Agreement
on
Tariffs
and
Trade.
This section explores the effects of immigration on receiving and sending countries, to the economy as a whole and as a net fiscal burden at the national and regional levels.
XII. Major Migration Streams
A comprehensive account of migration will include the major migrations of both historical and contemporary times. These will include international settlements and internal displacements.
Receiving Countries
Notă biografică
Dr.
Ueda
is
a
historian
of
the
United
States
and
of
migration.
He
has
explored
global
migration
and
its
effects
on
societies
and
regions
inPostwar
Immigrant
America(St.
Martin's
Press) andCrosscurrents: Atlantic
and
Pacific
Migration
in
the
Making
of
a
Global
America(Oxford
University
Press).
He
studied
the
role
of
local
migrations
in
the
rise
of
public
education
inAvenues
to
Adulthood(Cambridge
University
Press).
Dr. Ueda was a research editor of theHarvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups(awarded the Waldo Leland Prize of the American Historical Association) and co-editor (with Mary C. Waters and Helen Marrow) ofNew Americans(Harvard University Press).
He is also co-editor of theJournal of Interdisciplinary History(MIT Press).
Dr. Ueda's research has been supported by fellowships from the Woodrow Wilson International Center, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Council of Learned Societies, and the Charles Warren Center at Harvard.
A member of the Tufts History Department faculty since 1981, Dr. Ueda has been a visiting professor at Harvard University and Brandeis University. He is co-chair of a consortium, the Inter-University Committee on International Migration at the MIT Center for International Studies. Dr. Bean is a social scientist with 35 years of experience as a researcher, teacher, administrator and public policy analyst. His PhD is in sociology and his dissertation was written in social psychology. As a graduate student at Duke University, in addition to his work in sociology and social psychology (with Alan C. Kerckhoff, Kurt Back and Edward E. Jones), he took courses in demography and worked on research projects for three distinguished demographers (Reynolds Farley, Nathan Keyfitz and Hal Winsborough), all of whom subsequently became foundational leaders in population studies at prestigious universities in the United States (Michigan, Harvard and Wisconsin respectively). As the founding Director of both the Population Studies Center and the Immigration Policy Research Center at The Urban Institute in Washington, DC, Dr. Bean has also conducted work in and developed extensive knowledge about the economics of population and migration. He is currently Chancellor's Professor of Sociology and Economics at the University of California, Irvine.
Dr. Brown is a tenured Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Irvine. She is a sociologist/demographer whose areas of specialization are immigration, residential segregation and urban sociology. As a result of conducting research in these areas, she has also developed considerable expertise in geography and urban policy. In addition to her academic and research specializations, she also brings more than fifteen years of journalistic experience as a reporter and editor starting when she was on the staff of the Harvard Crimson and including nearly twelve years with the St. Louis-Post Dispatch.
Dr. Ueda was a research editor of theHarvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups(awarded the Waldo Leland Prize of the American Historical Association) and co-editor (with Mary C. Waters and Helen Marrow) ofNew Americans(Harvard University Press).
He is also co-editor of theJournal of Interdisciplinary History(MIT Press).
Dr. Ueda's research has been supported by fellowships from the Woodrow Wilson International Center, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Council of Learned Societies, and the Charles Warren Center at Harvard.
A member of the Tufts History Department faculty since 1981, Dr. Ueda has been a visiting professor at Harvard University and Brandeis University. He is co-chair of a consortium, the Inter-University Committee on International Migration at the MIT Center for International Studies. Dr. Bean is a social scientist with 35 years of experience as a researcher, teacher, administrator and public policy analyst. His PhD is in sociology and his dissertation was written in social psychology. As a graduate student at Duke University, in addition to his work in sociology and social psychology (with Alan C. Kerckhoff, Kurt Back and Edward E. Jones), he took courses in demography and worked on research projects for three distinguished demographers (Reynolds Farley, Nathan Keyfitz and Hal Winsborough), all of whom subsequently became foundational leaders in population studies at prestigious universities in the United States (Michigan, Harvard and Wisconsin respectively). As the founding Director of both the Population Studies Center and the Immigration Policy Research Center at The Urban Institute in Washington, DC, Dr. Bean has also conducted work in and developed extensive knowledge about the economics of population and migration. He is currently Chancellor's Professor of Sociology and Economics at the University of California, Irvine.
Dr. Brown is a tenured Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Irvine. She is a sociologist/demographer whose areas of specialization are immigration, residential segregation and urban sociology. As a result of conducting research in these areas, she has also developed considerable expertise in geography and urban policy. In addition to her academic and research specializations, she also brings more than fifteen years of journalistic experience as a reporter and editor starting when she was on the staff of the Harvard Crimson and including nearly twelve years with the St. Louis-Post Dispatch.
Caracteristici
Encompasses
all
aspects
of
migration
in
both
modern
and
recent
historic
times,
as
well
as
major
migrations
from
early
periods
Covers multiple disciplinary perspectives and all parts of the world, including many specific countries
An international group of contributors ensures that the field will be covered from a global perspective
Covers multiple disciplinary perspectives and all parts of the world, including many specific countries
An international group of contributors ensures that the field will be covered from a global perspective