For nearly a century, the standard technique for restoration of badly broken down endodontically treated teeth consisted almost exclusively of either a cast metal post/core or a prefabricated metal post with an amalgam core build up. During the last few years, with the advent of new materials and technologies, there has been a major shift away from metal custom-cast posts and cores towards prefabricated metal posts and resin-based composite cores, and recently there is a clearly observable movement towards use of fiber reinforced resin-based composite posts and ceramic posts. Along with the design, the restorative material also affects the resistance to fracture of endodontically treated teeth restored with post and core system. This study is an effort to cover all those materials that were previously used and the newer materials that have come in market for the endodontic post and provide answers to those questions which frequently arise during the restorative process and also to formulate sound clinical judgment regarding the materials of endodontic post for successful restoration of endodontically treated teeth and increase their longevity.