This groundbreaking book sets out the history of policy work on science carried out in Environment Canada, one of the Government of Canada's largest science-based departments. The book reviews the 40 years since the Department's creation in 1971 and presents a comprehensive account of the policy issues it struggled with: general strategies for science as well as for northern and international science, capacity, infrastructure, personnel, collaboration with other federal departments and agencies and with universities, industrial innovation, communications, and linking science and policy. The book also examines where the policy work was done and how that organization evolved. Environment for Science will be of interest to government science managers and scientists, students of science policy and of public administration, and historians of the scientific enterprise in Canada.