Environmental Ethics, Third Edition

Notes on Contributors xi Preface to the Third Edition xiii Source Credits xvi Companion Website xviii Part I Theoretical Background 1 1 Ethical Reasoning 3 Michael Boylan 2 What is 'Nature,' and Why Should We Care? 15 Michael Boylan 3 The Tragedy of the Commons 35 Garrett Hardin 4 Worldview Arguments for Environmentalism 48 A. The Land Ethic and Deep Ecology 51 The Land Ethic 51 Aldo Leopold The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement: A Summary 58 Arne Naess What Social Ecology? 63 Murray Bookchin B. Eco-Feminism and Social Justice 75 Ecofeminism and Feminist Theory 75 Carolyn Merchant The Power and the Promise of Ecological Feminism 81 Karen J. Warren Patently Wrong: The Commercialization of Life Forms 89 Wanda Teays C. Aesthetics 101 Aesthetics and the Value of Nature 101 Janna Thompson Worldview and the Value-Duty Link to Environmental Ethics 114 Michael Boylan 5 Anthropocentric Versus Biocentric Justifications 130 A. Anthropocentric Justifications 133 Human Rights and Future Generations 133 Alan Gewirth Environmental Values, Anthropocentrism and Speciesism 137 Onora O'Neill B. Biocentric Justifications 151 Environmental Ethics: Values in and Duties to the Natural World 151 Holmes Rolston III Respect for Nature: A Theory of Environmental Ethics 169 Paul W. Taylor C. Searching the Middle 180 Reconciling Anthropocentric and Nonanthropocentric Environmental Ethics 180 James P. Sterba On the Reconciliation of Anthropocentric and Nonanthropocentric Environmental Ethics 194 Brian K. Steverson Reconciliation Reaffirmed: A Reply to Steverson 205 James P. Sterba Part II Applied Environmental Problems 211 6 Pollution and Climate Change 213 A. Air and Water Pollution 215 Blue Water 215 Michael Boylan Polluting and Unpolluting 228 Benjamin Hale Moral Valuation of Environmental Goods 243 Mark A. Seabright B. Climate Change 256 Does a Failure in Global Leadership Mean it's All Over? Climate, Population, and Progress 256 Ruth Irwin Collective Responsibility and Climate Change 271 Seumas Miller 7 Animal Rights 283 All Animals are Equal 285 Peter Singer The Radical Egalitarian Case for Animal Rights 300 Tom Regan A Critique of Regan's Animal Rights Theory 309 Mary Anne Warren Mary Anne Warren and "Duties to Animals" 317 Michael Boylan Against Zoos 322 Dale Jamieson 8 Sustainability 332 A. Sustainability: What it is and How it Works 334 Defining Sustainability Ethic 334 Randall Curren A Perfect Moral Storm: Climate Change, Intergenerational Ethics, and the Problem of Moral Corruption 349 Stephen M. Gardiner Sustainability and Adaptation: Environmental Values and the Future 362 Bryan G. Norton B. Sustainability and Development 375 'Sustainable Development': Is it a Useful Concept? 375 Wilfred Beckerman On Wilfred Beckerman's Critique of Sustainable Development 391 Herman E. Daly Globalizing Responsibility for Climate Change 398 Steve Vanderheiden 9 Public Policy, Activism, and Technology: The Cold and Tragic Logic of Climate Change Denial 414 Michael Goldsby The A, B, Cs of Social Activism: My Journey 423 Barbara Wien International Public Policy on Environmental Regulation 435 Carl Joachim Kock What About the Coal Miners? Addressing the Downside of Effective Environmental Policies 450 Frederick Bird Electricity 461 Geert Demuijnck Technology and the Environment: From Bones to Markets 471 David E. McClean Rising Above the Rising Seas 486 Avery Kolers

Michael Boylan is Professor of Philosophy at Marymount University. He has authored 39 books and over 150 journal articles and book chapters, has served on numerous professional and governmental policy committees, and was a Fellow at the Center for American Progress. He has been invited to speak at universities in fifteen countries on five continents around the world, including Oxford, Cambridge, Cologne, and more.