The process of sampling, characterizing and monitoring the quality of the environment to control environmental pollution is known as environmental monitoring. It is majorly used to prepare environmental impact assessments. It focuses on three major areas, namely, air, soil and water. Air quality monitoring is the assessment of air pollutants through air sampling. Soil monitoring is the collection and assessment of soil to ensure its quality and physical status. It is done by soil sampling, which includes monitoring of soil contamination, salinity and erosion. Water quality monitoring includes examining the water quality by collecting and analyzing water samples. A wide range of sampling methods including judgmental sampling and simple random sampling are used for this purpose. The objective of this book is to give a general view of the different areas of environmental monitoring. Most of the topics introduced herein cover new techniques and applications of environmental monitoring. The textbook is appropriate for those seeking detailed information in this area.