Essential Concepts in Clinical Research: Randomised Controlled Trials and Observational Epidemiology
Autor Kenneth Schulz, David A. Grimesen Limba Engleză Paperback – 24 sep 2018
Building on previously published, peer-reviewed articles from The Lancet, this handbook is essential for busy clinicians and active researchers interested in research methods.
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9780702073946
ISBN-10: 0702073946
Pagini: 272
Ilustrații: Illustrated
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 13 mm
Greutate: 0.36 kg
Ediția:2
Editura: Elsevier
ISBN-10: 0702073946
Pagini: 272
Ilustrații: Illustrated
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 13 mm
Greutate: 0.36 kg
Ediția:2
Editura: Elsevier
Cuprins
Introduction
1. An overview of clinical research: the lay of the land
Observational studies
2. Descriptive studies: what they can and cannot do
3. Bias and causal associations in observational research
4. Cohort studies: marching towards outcomes
5. Case-control studies: research in reverse
6. Finding controls for case-control studies: compared to what?
7. Limitations of observational epidemiology
Screening tests
8. Uses and abuses of screening tests
9. Refining clinical diagnosis with likelihood ratios
Randomized controlled trials
10. Boosting participant recruitment in trials
11. Sample size calculations in randomized trials: mandatory and mystical
12. Generation of allocation sequences in randomized trials: chance not choice
13. Generation of allocation sequences in non-double-blinded randomized trials: guarding against guessing
14. Allocation concealment in randomized trials: defending against deciphering
15. Exclusions and losses in randomized trials: sample size slippages
16. Blinding in randomized trials: hiding who got what
17. Implementing treatment blinding in randomized trials
18. Surrogate endpoints and composite outcomes: shortcuts to unknown destinations
19. Multiplicity in randomized trials I: endpoints and treatments
20. Multiplicity in randomized trials II: subgroup and interim analyses
21. Conducting randomized trials as part of a prospective meta-analysis
Publishing
22. Reporting studies in medical journals: CONSORT and other guidelines
1. An overview of clinical research: the lay of the land
Observational studies
2. Descriptive studies: what they can and cannot do
3. Bias and causal associations in observational research
4. Cohort studies: marching towards outcomes
5. Case-control studies: research in reverse
6. Finding controls for case-control studies: compared to what?
7. Limitations of observational epidemiology
Screening tests
8. Uses and abuses of screening tests
9. Refining clinical diagnosis with likelihood ratios
Randomized controlled trials
10. Boosting participant recruitment in trials
11. Sample size calculations in randomized trials: mandatory and mystical
12. Generation of allocation sequences in randomized trials: chance not choice
13. Generation of allocation sequences in non-double-blinded randomized trials: guarding against guessing
14. Allocation concealment in randomized trials: defending against deciphering
15. Exclusions and losses in randomized trials: sample size slippages
16. Blinding in randomized trials: hiding who got what
17. Implementing treatment blinding in randomized trials
18. Surrogate endpoints and composite outcomes: shortcuts to unknown destinations
19. Multiplicity in randomized trials I: endpoints and treatments
20. Multiplicity in randomized trials II: subgroup and interim analyses
21. Conducting randomized trials as part of a prospective meta-analysis
Publishing
22. Reporting studies in medical journals: CONSORT and other guidelines