Metallurgy is the subfield of materials science that studies the physical and chemical properties of metals and their alloys. This field has been helping different industries by forming new and improving already existing materials and alloys. Bioleaching, effluent treatment, pressure leaching, pretreatment of ores, process metallurgy, process modelling and control, pyrometallurgy for non-ferrous metal extraction, rare earth and precious metal extraction, recycling of non-ferrous metals and laden wastes are some of the topics discussed in this book. While understanding the long-term perspectives of the topics, the book makes an effort in highlighting their impact as a modern tool for the growth of the discipline. It will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field. The aim of this book is to present the unexplored aspects of this field and develop an in-depth understanding of this field.