Surgery is inevitable in extreme cases like that of severe accident, organ failure or gangrene and even in the complicated cases of child birth. In some cases it helps in relieving pain and in other cases it optimizes body function. Different kinds of surgeries are available depending upon the body parts such as breast surgery, colon and rectal surgery, endocrine surgery, general surgery, gynecological surgery, hand surgery, head and neck surgery, neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, etc. Use of precision instruments in surgeries has made it further advanced and accurate. The various sub-fields of surgery along with technological progress that have future implications are glanced at in this book. The aim of this text is to present researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. It will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field. This book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.