Ethical Issues in Scientific Research de Edward Erwin

Ethical Issues in Scientific Research: An Anthology

Edward Erwin

Sidney Gendin

Lowell Kleiman

First published in 1994. This is Volume 2 of a selection of studies in Applied Ethics focusing on ethical issues in scientific research in aid to support students when applying ethics to their research training. courses The need for these courses expresses the recognition that the ethical dimensions of various types of scientific research greatly affect the general population and therefore require serious study and debate. This collection of essays addresses the major areas of moral debate regarding research: fraud and deception, controlled experiments on humans, animal and genetic research, IQ and military research. The essays collected here represent the best efforts to date of philosophers and scientists to grapple with these interesting and difficult issues.

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Cuprins

Part 1 Science and Values; Chapter 1 Science and Human Values, Carl G. Hempel; Chapter 2 The Exact Role of Value Judgments in Science, Michael Scriven; Chapter 3 The Structure of the Argument, Richard Nicholson, Richard Hale; Part 2 Fraud and Deception in Scientific Research; Chapter 4 Fraud and the Structure of Science, William Broad, Nicholas Wade; Chapter 5 The Murky Borderland between Scientific Intuition and Fraud, Ullica Segerstrale; Chapter 6 On the Supposed Indispensability of Deception in Social Psychology, Steven C. Patten; Chapter 7 Keeping Deception Honest: Justifying Conditions for Social Scientific Research Stratagems, Alan C. Elms; Chapter 8 The Case for Deception in Medical Experimentation, J. David Newell; Part 3 Experimentation on Humans; Chapter 9 An Argument That All Prerandomized Clinical Trials Are Unethical, Don Marquis; Chapter 10 The Conflict between Randomized Clinical Trials and the Therapeutic Obligation, Fred Gifford; Chapter 11 Sins of Omission? The Non-Treatment of Controls in Clinical Trials—I, Michael Lockwood; Chapter 12 Sins of Omission? The Non-Treatment of Controls in Clinical Trials—II, G.E.M. Anscombe; Part 4 Animal Research; Chapter 13 The Significance of Animal Suffering, Peter Singer; Chapter 14 Singer’s Intermediate Conclusion, Frank Jackson; Chapter 15 On Singer: More Argument, Less Prescriptivism, David DeGrazia; Chapter 16 The Case for the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research, Carl Cohen; Chapter 17 On the Ethics of the Use of Animals in Science, Dale Jamieson, Tom Regan; Part 5 Genetic Research; Chapter 18 Genetic Engineering, Peter Singer, Deane Wells; Chapter 19 The Genetic Adventure, Stephen P. Stick; Chapter 20 What Is Wrong with Eugenics?, Robert Wachbroit; Chapter 21 Human Gene Therapy: Scientific and Ethical Considerations, W. French Anderson; Part 6 Controversial Research Topics; Chapter 22 Forbidden Research: Limits to Inquiry in the Social Sciences, Dorothy Nelkin; Chapter 23 The Intelligence Controversy: The Ethical Problem, H.J. Eysenck; Chapter 24 The Fallacy of Richard Herrnstein’s IQ, Noam Chomsky; Chapter 25 Conducting Scientific Research for the Military as a Civic Duty, Kenneth W. Kemp; Chapter 26 Military Funds, Moral Demands: Personal Responsibilities of the Individual Scientist, Douglas P. Lackey;