Ethics: Theory and Practice: International Edition
Autor Jacques P. Thiroux, Emeritus, Keith W. Krasemannen Limba Engleză Paperback – 10 dec 2008
Jacques P. Thiroux first wrote this text 1977 in order to educate readers about ethical theory and its applications in a way that beginning students could understand. The result was an accessible text that isn't too technical and doesn't plunge into complex readings without sufficient background. The text is fully updated with global issues and non-Western ethical views. Keith W. Krasemann now continues Thiroux's efforts of making Ethical Ideas accesible to students. Besides updating the foundations of the text, Krasemann incoporates new and relevant material, most of which is often unique only to this text.
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9780205707300
ISBN-10: 0205707300
Pagini: 544
Dimensiuni: 178 x 235 mm
Greutate: 0.72 kg
Ediția:10Nouă
Editura: Pearson Education
Colecția Pearson Education
Locul publicării:Upper Saddle River, United States
ISBN-10: 0205707300
Pagini: 544
Dimensiuni: 178 x 235 mm
Greutate: 0.72 kg
Ediția:10Nouă
Editura: Pearson Education
Colecția Pearson Education
Locul publicării:Upper Saddle River, United States
Cuprins
Preface
Chapter 1 The Nature of Morality
Objectives
What is Philosophy and Ethics’ Relationship to It?
Key Terms
Approaches to the Study of Morality
Morality and Its Applications
Where Does Morality Come From?
Customary or Traditional and Reflective Morality
Morality, Law, and Religion
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
Why Should Human Beings Be Moral?
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 2 Consequentialist (Teleological) Theories of Morality
Objectives
Psychological Egoism
Ethical Egoism
Utilitarianism
Difficulty with Consequentialist Theories in General
Care Ethics
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 3 Nonconsequentialist (Deontological) Theories of Morality
Objectives
Act Nonconsequentialist Theories
Rule Nonconsequentialist Theories
General Criticisms of Nonconsequentialist Theories
Conclusions
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 4 Virtue Ethics
Objectives
Definition of Terms
Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics
Confucian Moral Self-Cultivation
Confucian Role Ethics
Contemporary Analysis of Virtue Ethics
Who Is The Ideal Virtuous Person?
Vice and Virtue
Conclusions
Chapter Summary
Excersices for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 5 Absolutism versus Relativism
Objectives
The Meanings of Absolute
The Meaning of Relative
Cultural Relativism and Cultural Absolutism
Propositions and Truth
Conclusion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 6 Freedom versus Determinism
Objectives
The Meaning of Determinism
Types and Theories of Determinism
Fatalism and Hard and Soft Determinism
Indeterminism
Criticisms of Hard Determinism and Arguments for Freedom
Conclusion: Soft Determinism
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 7 Reward and Punishment
Objectives
Definition of Key Terms
Reward and Punishment in Relationship to Justice
Elements of Justice
Reward
Theories of How to Reward
John Rawls and His Theory of Justice
Punishment
Theories of Punishment
Is a Synthesis Possible?
Human Rights
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 8 Setting Up a Moral System: Basic Assumptions and Basic Principles
Objectives
Conflicting General Moral Issues
Basic Assumptions
Basic Principles, Individual Freedom, and Their Justification
Priority of the Basic Principles
A General Way of Determining Priority—Two Categories
How the System of Humanitarian Ethics Works
Conclusion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Note
Research Navigator™
Chapter 9 The Taking of Human Life
Objectives
The Taking of Human Life
Suicide
Defense of the Innocent (the Self Included)
Cases for Study and Discussion
War
Terrorism
Cases for Study and Discussion
Capital Punishment
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of Major Ethical Theories on the Taking of Human Life
Suicide
Defense of the Innocent
War and Terrorism
Capital Punishment
Reader Reactions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 10 Allowing Someone to Die, Mercy Death, and Mercy Killing
Objectives
Definition of Terms
Current Legal Status of Mercy Death and Mercy Killing
Allowing Someone to Die
Cases for Study and Discussion
Mercy Death
Cases for Study and Discussion
Mercy Killing
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Allowing Someone to Die, Mercy Death, and Mercy Killing
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 11 Abortion
Objectives
Introduction to the Abortion Issue
When Does Human Life Begin?
Arguments Against Abortion
Arguments for Abortion
The More Moderate Positions on Abortion
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Abortion
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 12 Lying, Cheating, Breaking Promises, and Stealing
Objectives
Introduction
Definitions of Key Terms
Nonconsequentialist and Consequentialist Views
Lying
Cases for Study and Discussion
Cheating
Cases for Study and Discussion
Breaking Promises
Cases for Study and Discussion
Stealing
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Lying, Cheating, Breaking Promises, and Stealing
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 13 Morality, Marriage, and Human Sexuality
Objectives
Major Aspects of Human Sexuality
The Meaning and Purposes of Human Sexuality
Premarital Sex
Sex in Marriage-Type Relationships (Including Nonlegal)
Masturbation
Pornography
Prostitution
Sexual Perversion or “Unnatural” Sexual Activity
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Morality, Human Sexuality, and Marriage
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 14 Bioethics—Ethical Issues in Medicine
Objectives
Introduction and Definition of Terms
Health Care Professionals and Patients and Their Families—Rights and Obligations
Truth Telling and Informed Consent
Confidentiality
Guilt and Innocence in Treating Patients
Ethical Issues in Medicine
Stem Cell Research
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Bioethical Issues
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 15 Business and Media Ethics
Objectives
Introduction
Rights and Obligations in Business
Two Ways of Approaching Rights and Obligations in Business
The Moderate Position
Justice, Truth Telling, and Honesty in Business
Ethical Issues in Business
Sexual Harassment
The New Global Economy and the International Business Scene
Media Ethics
Corporate Greed—Enron
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Business and Media Ethics
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 16 Environmental Ethics
Objectives
Key Terms
Nature and Morality
Environmental Ethical Issues
Our Attitude Toward Nature and What Lies Behind It
Arguments for Use and Exploitation of the Natural Environment
Arguments Against the Use and Exploitation of Nature
Moderate Position
Criteria for Animal Rights
Ways of Dealing with Animal Rights
Use of Animals for Food
Use of Animals for Experimentation
Killing Animals for Sport
Protection of Endangered Species
Non-Western Perspectives on Environmental Issues
Conclusion
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of Major Ethical Theories on Environmental Ethics
Notes
Research Navigator™
Appendixes
Introduction
Appendix 1: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of the Taking of Human Life
Appendix 2: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of Allowing Someone to Die, Mercy Death, and Mercy Killing
Appendix 3: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of Abortion
Appendix 4: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of Lying, Cheating, Breaking Promises, and Stealing
Appendix 5: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of Human Sexuality
Appendix 6: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to Moral Problems in Medicine (Bioethics)
Appendix 7: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to Moral Problems in Business (Business and Media Ethics)
Appendix 8: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to Environmental Ethics
Supplementary Reading
Glossary
Index
Chapter 1 The Nature of Morality
Objectives
What is Philosophy and Ethics’ Relationship to It?
Key Terms
Approaches to the Study of Morality
Morality and Its Applications
Where Does Morality Come From?
Customary or Traditional and Reflective Morality
Morality, Law, and Religion
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
Why Should Human Beings Be Moral?
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 2 Consequentialist (Teleological) Theories of Morality
Objectives
Psychological Egoism
Ethical Egoism
Utilitarianism
Difficulty with Consequentialist Theories in General
Care Ethics
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 3 Nonconsequentialist (Deontological) Theories of Morality
Objectives
Act Nonconsequentialist Theories
Rule Nonconsequentialist Theories
General Criticisms of Nonconsequentialist Theories
Conclusions
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 4 Virtue Ethics
Objectives
Definition of Terms
Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics
Confucian Moral Self-Cultivation
Confucian Role Ethics
Contemporary Analysis of Virtue Ethics
Who Is The Ideal Virtuous Person?
Vice and Virtue
Conclusions
Chapter Summary
Excersices for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 5 Absolutism versus Relativism
Objectives
The Meanings of Absolute
The Meaning of Relative
Cultural Relativism and Cultural Absolutism
Propositions and Truth
Conclusion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 6 Freedom versus Determinism
Objectives
The Meaning of Determinism
Types and Theories of Determinism
Fatalism and Hard and Soft Determinism
Indeterminism
Criticisms of Hard Determinism and Arguments for Freedom
Conclusion: Soft Determinism
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 7 Reward and Punishment
Objectives
Definition of Key Terms
Reward and Punishment in Relationship to Justice
Elements of Justice
Reward
Theories of How to Reward
John Rawls and His Theory of Justice
Punishment
Theories of Punishment
Is a Synthesis Possible?
Human Rights
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 8 Setting Up a Moral System: Basic Assumptions and Basic Principles
Objectives
Conflicting General Moral Issues
Basic Assumptions
Basic Principles, Individual Freedom, and Their Justification
Priority of the Basic Principles
A General Way of Determining Priority—Two Categories
How the System of Humanitarian Ethics Works
Conclusion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Discussion Questions
Note
Research Navigator™
Chapter 9 The Taking of Human Life
Objectives
The Taking of Human Life
Suicide
Defense of the Innocent (the Self Included)
Cases for Study and Discussion
War
Terrorism
Cases for Study and Discussion
Capital Punishment
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of Major Ethical Theories on the Taking of Human Life
Suicide
Defense of the Innocent
War and Terrorism
Capital Punishment
Reader Reactions
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 10 Allowing Someone to Die, Mercy Death, and Mercy Killing
Objectives
Definition of Terms
Current Legal Status of Mercy Death and Mercy Killing
Allowing Someone to Die
Cases for Study and Discussion
Mercy Death
Cases for Study and Discussion
Mercy Killing
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Allowing Someone to Die, Mercy Death, and Mercy Killing
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 11 Abortion
Objectives
Introduction to the Abortion Issue
When Does Human Life Begin?
Arguments Against Abortion
Arguments for Abortion
The More Moderate Positions on Abortion
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Abortion
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 12 Lying, Cheating, Breaking Promises, and Stealing
Objectives
Introduction
Definitions of Key Terms
Nonconsequentialist and Consequentialist Views
Lying
Cases for Study and Discussion
Cheating
Cases for Study and Discussion
Breaking Promises
Cases for Study and Discussion
Stealing
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Lying, Cheating, Breaking Promises, and Stealing
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 13 Morality, Marriage, and Human Sexuality
Objectives
Major Aspects of Human Sexuality
The Meaning and Purposes of Human Sexuality
Premarital Sex
Sex in Marriage-Type Relationships (Including Nonlegal)
Masturbation
Pornography
Prostitution
Sexual Perversion or “Unnatural” Sexual Activity
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Morality, Human Sexuality, and Marriage
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 14 Bioethics—Ethical Issues in Medicine
Objectives
Introduction and Definition of Terms
Health Care Professionals and Patients and Their Families—Rights and Obligations
Truth Telling and Informed Consent
Confidentiality
Guilt and Innocence in Treating Patients
Ethical Issues in Medicine
Stem Cell Research
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Bioethical Issues
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 15 Business and Media Ethics
Objectives
Introduction
Rights and Obligations in Business
Two Ways of Approaching Rights and Obligations in Business
The Moderate Position
Justice, Truth Telling, and Honesty in Business
Ethical Issues in Business
Sexual Harassment
The New Global Economy and the International Business Scene
Media Ethics
Corporate Greed—Enron
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of the Major Ethical Theories on Business and Media Ethics
Notes
Research Navigator™
Chapter 16 Environmental Ethics
Objectives
Key Terms
Nature and Morality
Environmental Ethical Issues
Our Attitude Toward Nature and What Lies Behind It
Arguments for Use and Exploitation of the Natural Environment
Arguments Against the Use and Exploitation of Nature
Moderate Position
Criteria for Animal Rights
Ways of Dealing with Animal Rights
Use of Animals for Food
Use of Animals for Experimentation
Killing Animals for Sport
Protection of Endangered Species
Non-Western Perspectives on Environmental Issues
Conclusion
Cases for Study and Discussion
Chapter Summary
Exercises for Review
Views of Major Ethical Theories on Environmental Ethics
Notes
Research Navigator™
Appendixes
Introduction
Appendix 1: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of the Taking of Human Life
Appendix 2: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of Allowing Someone to Die, Mercy Death, and Mercy Killing
Appendix 3: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of Abortion
Appendix 4: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of Lying, Cheating, Breaking Promises, and Stealing
Appendix 5: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to the Moral Problems of Human Sexuality
Appendix 6: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to Moral Problems in Medicine (Bioethics)
Appendix 7: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to Moral Problems in Business (Business and Media Ethics)
Appendix 8: Applying Humanitarian Ethics to Environmental Ethics
Supplementary Reading
Glossary
Index
Notă biografică
- Jacques P. Thiroux is Professor Emeritus at Bakersfield College and Califorrnia State University.
- Keith W. Krasemann is Professor of Philosophy and Religious Studies at College of DuPage.
Caracteristici
Hallmark features of Ethics: Theory and Practice:
- The application of theories to real world problems (i.e. taking a human life; lying, cheating; stealing; establishing ethical practices in business; honoring ethical obligations in medicine).
- Provides students with a solid foundation in understanding classic and contemporary moral problems.
- Cases for study and discussion.
- Illustrates for students how ethical theory and discussion can be specifically applied.
- Appendices one through eight discuss moral problems in business, medicine, the environment, and more. Each appendix contains a general discussion of the problem and discussions of specific cases. These appendices contain the author's own views on how the various moral issues in the book might be dealt with and resolved. Instructors may assign each appendix with its respective chapter, posing various discussion questions for students to deal with. They may also hold off assigning the appendices until after students have formed their own theories and solutions to the issues and problems discussed.
- Helps students analyze and critically evaluate a series of ethical solutions and serves as a catalyst for exciting and profound discussion
- A clear presentation of complex ideas. This text is written at the perfect level for students new to the study of ethics. It isn't too technical and it avoids plunging into complex readings without any background. The descriptions of theory and the applications are clear and complete.
- Ensures that students will understand the concepts in the text.
- Flexible organization offers a wide spectrum of theories and issues from which to choose.
- Allows instructors the freedom and flexibility of a broad range of topics.
- A superlative pedagogical package. This text includes chapter introductions, chapter objectives, end-of-chapter discussion questions, chapter summaries, exercises for discussion, a glossary, and bibliographies.
- Provides students with a host of study tools and resources that makes the material more tangible and stimulates further exploratio
- A chapter on how to set up an ethical system. Chapter Eight contains guidelines on how to establish and apply a personal ethical theory to a range of specific moral issues, while also covering traditional ethical theories.
- Directs students on how to ponder and develop their own ethical ideas, while educating them on traditional theories.
- ABC News Videos for Ethics. This video, available to instructors, provides video segments culled from ABC news broadcasts.
- Shows how ethical issues connect to contemporary situations.
- Instructor's Manual with Tests.
- Helps instructors prepare for class and make up tests.
Caracteristici noi
New to the 10th edition:
- NEW! Confucian Role Ethics Introduced for First Time. In an ongoing effort to expand upon non-Western content, Confucian Role Ethics is presented as a “new” type of moral theory. It is coupled with, but distinct from, traditional consequentialist, nonconsequentialist and virtue ethics theories.
- Provides students with up-to-date and relevant material.
- UPDATED! Pedagogical Elements. Introductory paragraphs for each chapter have been added to a text already boasting a host of pedagogical resources, such as chapter introductions, chapter objectives, end-of-chapter discussion questions, chapter summaries, exercises for discussion, a glossary, and bibliographies.
- All elements that make the material more tangible to students and stimulates further exploration.
- NEW! Material on Human Rights. In order to complement already in-depth material on Justice, a new section has been added providing discussion on current issues surrounding human rights. This material further supports global issues discussed in the text.
- Gives more attention to a popular branch of study: human rights.
- UPDATED! The chapter on Morality has been expanded. Chapter One now includes expanded content on moral development. Kohlberg’s theory of moral development has been added.
- Adds influential voices on the nature of morality.