Andean South America offers significant anthropological insights into highland and arid zone adaptations, including pastoralist economy and ecology, settlement patterns, site formation processes, tool manufacture, and the cultural meanings of landscapes. The 16 papers in this volume present detailed studies of economics and production, caravanning and trade, ceramic manufacture and use life, patterns of settlement and mobility among highland and lowland pastoralists and horticulturalists, taphonomy, and sacred landscapes. The epistomological foundations of ethnoarchaeology, archaeological uses of ethnoarchaeology, and the relationship between environment and culture are important theoretical themes. Beyond those interested in Andean South America, this volume will be of use to anyone who studies human adaptations to highland or arid environments, and to those interested in pastoral societies.