What is Europe, if it is not a geographical unit and still is not an economic and political unit? What is this Europe that has indulged in the excesses of war and mass murder up to the end of the 20th century, but wants to see itself as incorporating the ideals of justice and goodness? Europe was never simply 'Europe', it always questioned itself, it had to understand itself as Europe and thus found its unity in its philosophy. This book looks forward to Europe's future with a new reading of key texts in Europe's modern philosophical reflection on itself.