Urology is currently the most rapidly expanding surgical superspecialty. The reason for this exponential propulsion of this field, especially over the last two decades, is the dual role of scientific breakthroughs and the successful coupling of engineering and technology for diagnostics and treatment. The role of minimally invasive approaches to surgical extirpation and reconstruction has been unprecedented and paramount. Not only is there rapid development within each substrata of urology but these developments are continuously evolving. This book is the first in a series that explores the current evolving trends in urology. The focus of the book is broad and includes strata of the field including stone disease, telerobotic surgery and surgical simulation. The role of internet based "Apps" are also explored. Some chapters explore leading edge concepts while others capture the evolving trends and future concepts.