Expressways

Contents
Rhetorical Contents   
writing success starts here!
Tabs: Take Charge of Your Learning
Use the Help Features in This Book
Writing Success Tips
Part I Getting Started   
Chapter  1 The Writing Process: An Overview   
WRITING
What is Good Writing?
The Five Steps in the Writing Process 
Generating Ideas 
When to Use Which Technique
Organizing Your Ideas
Using an Idea Map to Organize Your Ideas
Writing a First Draft 
            Student Essay (first draft)
Revising and Rewriting Drafts
            Student Essay: Education: The Open Road, Doug Mello           
Proofreading Your Final Draft 
            Benefits of the Five-Step Writing Process 
Considering Your Audience and Purpose
Chapter Review and Practice
Internet Activities
Chapter 2 The Active Reading Process
Reading Actively
Previewing Before Reading
Body Language: Never Be Lied to Again, David J. Lieberman
Reading to Learn: Chapters, Student and Professional Essays, and Professional Essays
Using Idea Maps to Understand Readings
Understanding Difficult Readings
Reading Critically
Building Your Vocabulary Through Reading
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading
READING: Saved by the Kindness of a Virtual Stranger, Mark Zelermyer
Getting Reading to Write
            Reviewing the Reading
            Examining the Reading: Drawing and Idea Map
            Thinking Critically: Asking Critical Questions
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
Chapter Review and Practice
Internet Activities
 
Part II Paragraph Writing Strategies   
Chapter  3   Writing Topic Sentences   
WRITING
What Is a Paragraph? 
Writing Effective Topic Sentences 
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: A Student Essay: What It Means to Live in America, Loi To
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Job Application Letter: Jason McNaught
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading:  Stressed Out at the Front, Rod Nordland and Trent T. Gregax 
Getting Ready to Write 
        Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Immediate Review and Underlining Topic Sentences 
Thinking Critically: Discovering the Author’s Purpose
Strengthening Your Vocabulary 
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 1: Sentence Fragments 
Internet Activities
Chapter  4 Developing and Arranging Details   
WRITING
Using Relevant and Sufficient Details 
Types of Supporting Details
Methods of Arranging Details 
Using Specific Words 
Using Transitional Words 
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay  A Look Into the Past, Dan Kerstetler
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Resume Michael Herrara
WRITING ABOUT READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  The Most Hateful Words, AMY TAN
Getting Ready to Write 
        Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Recognizing Types of Supporting Details 
Thinking Critically: Understanding Figurative Language
Strengthening Your Vocabulary 
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 2: Run-on Sentences 
Internet Activities
Chapter  5 Strategies for Revising   
WHAT IS REVISION?
Examining Your Ideas
Consider Your Purpose and Audience
Examine Specific and Vivid Language
Revision Checklist
What is Editing?
Proofreading Checklist
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: A Student Revision:The Muds of Okinawa, Gentry Carlson
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Letter Revision, Mary Cortez
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  Your Player’s Keeper, Gordon Marino
Getting Ready to Write 
       Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Drawing Idea Maps 
Thinking Critically: Examining Assumptions
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 3: Subject-Verb Agreement 
Internet Activities
Part III Essay Writing Strategies   
Chapter  6 planning and organizing your essay
MOVING FROM PARAGRAPHS TO ESSAYS
What is an Essay?
Assigned Topics
Choosing Your Own Topics
Generating Ideas about Your Topic
Narrowing Your Topic
Planning Your Essay
Grouping Your Ideas to Discover a Thesis Statement
Using Outlining and Mapping
Deciding on an Appropriate Tone
Organizing Your Essay
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Freewriting:Ted Sawchuck
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Cover Letter, Marguerite Morger
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading  
Reading  Facebooking: Social Networks Online, James M. Henslin
Getting Ready to Write 
       Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using Idea Maps to Understand a Reading
Thinking Critically: Distinguishing Fact and Opinions
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 4: Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement 
Internet Activities
Chapter  7  drafting and revising your essay
 Drafting Your Essay
Writing and Revising Your Thesis Statement
Supporting Your Thesis with Substantial Evidence
Writing a First Draft 
            Student Essay (first draft)
Use Transitions to Make Connections Among Your Ideas Clear
Writing the Introduction, Conclusion, and Title
Revising: Examining your Ideas
Revising Essay Content and Structure
Editing and Proofreading: Focusing on Clarity and Correctness
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Relationships 2.0: Dating and Relating in the Internet Age:Ted Sawchuck
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Letter of Reference, Samuel Epstein
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  The Forgotten Food, Brian Wansink
Getting Ready to Write 
       Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using Idea Maps to Understand a Reading
Thinking Critically: Analyzing the Author’s Word Choice
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 5: Pronoun Reference 
Internet Activities
Part IV Methods of Development   
CHAPTER 8  NARRATION
Understanding Narrative 
Writing Narrative Paragraphs
Writing Your Topic Sentence
Writing Narrative Essays
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: Flying Without Wings, Brittany Buck 
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Case Report Maria Sanchez
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  The Charwoman, Gordon Parks   
Getting Ready to Write 
       Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using Sequence Maps 
Thinking Critically: Understanding Point of View
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 6: Avoiding Shift Errors 
Internet Activities
Chapter  9  Description   
UNDERSTANDING DESCRIPTION
What is Descriptive Writing?
Creating a Dominant Impression
Developing and Selecting Sensory Details
Using Descriptive Language
Organizing Details and Using Transitions
Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Description
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay  Unfit, But I Didn’t Know It, Jason Marinaccio  
WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Business Letter Sandra Tucillo
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  Obachan, Gail Y. Miyasaki 
Getting Ready to Write 
       Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Marking Revealing Actions, Descriptions, and Statements 
Thinking Critically: Understanding Connotative Language
Strengthening Your Vocabulary 
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 7: Dangling Modifiers 
Internet Activities
Chapter 10  Process  
UNDERSTANDING PROCESS (Need to change head in text)
Writing is Process Writing
Writing Your Topic Sentence
Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Process
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: A Delicious Mexican Treat, Shandrea Mays     
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Hiring Policy Document, Jeannie Elsen
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  How Writing a TV Show Works, Winifred Fordham Metz 
Getting Ready to Write 
      Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using Sequence Maps
Thinking Critically: Analyzing Tone
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 8: Misplaced Modifiers
Internet Activities 
Chapter 11 Example 
UNDERSTANDING EXAMPLES
What is Example Writing?
Writing Your Topic Sentence
Arranging Your Details
Useful Transitions
Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Examples
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: The Truth About Welfare in America,  Ebtisam Abusamak             
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: Advertising Copy 
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading   “First Big Shocks: MARY PIPHER
Getting Ready to Write 
      Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using Idea Mapping to Organize an Example Essay
Thinking Critically: Examining Comparisons
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 9: Verb Tense
Internet Activities
Chapter 12 Classification  
Understanding Classification
What is Classification Writing?
Writing About Your Topic Sentence
Useful Transitions
Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Classification
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay “Label the Behavior–Not the Child”  Corrine Roberts        
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Work Memo, C. Z. Shleviek
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  The Family, Joseph A. DeVito  
Getting Ready to Write 
      Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using Idea Mapping to Review and Organize Ideas 
Thinking Critically: Evaluating an Author’ Credentials
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 10: Coordinate Sentences 
Internet Activities
Chapter 13 DEFINITION  
Understanding Definition
What is Definition?
Writing Your Topic Sentence
Useful Transitions
Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Definition 
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: Blogs,  Ted Sawchuck
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Business Letter, Paul Queeg
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading   “Spyware Defined”
Getting Ready to Write 
      Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using Idea Mapping to Review and Organize Ideas 
Thinking Critically: Examining the Author’s Purpose
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 11: Subordinate Clauses 
Internet Activities
Chapter 14  Comparison and Contrast   
Understanding Comparison and Contrast
What Are Comparison and Contrast
Identifying Similarities and Differences
Writing Your Topic Sentence
Organizing Your Paragraph
Useful Transitions
Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Comparison and Contrast
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: How May I Help You? Frank Trapasso
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Flyer, Alice Witcoff
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  “The Talk of the Sandbox: How Johnny and Suzy’s Playground Chatter Prepares Them for Life at the Office” Deborah Tannen 
Getting Ready to Write 
      Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using the Three-Column List for Review 
Thinking Critically: Identifying and Examining Supporting Evidence 
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 12: Parallelism
Internet Activities
Chapter 15  Cause and Effect   
Understanding Cause and Effect
Distinguishing Between Cause and Effect
Writing Your Topic Sentence
Organizing Supporting Details
Useful Transitions
Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Cause and Effect
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: Causes of Procrastination, Veronica Evans-Johnson   
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: Writing a Speech, Glen Corma 
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  Why We Love Bad News, Hara Marano 
Getting Ready to Write 
      Reviewing the Reading
Examining the Reading: Using an Idea Map to Grasp Cause and Effect Relationships 
Thinking Critically: Evaluating Cause-and-Effect Relationships 
Strengthening Your Vocabulary
Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing 
Writing About the Reading
Revision Checklist 
CHAPTER REVIEW AND PRACTICE
Chapter Review
Skill Refresher 13: When to Use Commas 
Internet Activities
Chapter 16 Argument   
Understanding Argument  (Need to change in text)
What is Argumentative Writing?
Writing Your Topic Sentence
Supporting Your Position
Applying Your Skills to Essay Writing: Argument
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO: Student Essay: Cigarettes, Anyone?  Ebtisam Abusamak
A WORKPLACE SCENARIO: A Petition, Juanita Garcia 
WRITING ABOUT A READING
Thinking Before Reading 
Reading  #1: The Captive Panther, Michael Fox
     Reviewing the Reading
     Examining the Reading: Using Idea Maps to Examine Persuasive Essays
         Thinking Critically: Evaluating Persuasive Writing
          Strengthening Your Vocabulary
         Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Reading
READING  #2  Predators on the Prowl, Mark Peyser 
         Reviewing the Reading
         Examining the Reading: Using Idea Maps to Examine Argument Essays
         Thinking Critically: Evaluating Alternative Viewpoints
         Strengthening Your Vocabulary
         Reacting to Ideas: Discussion and Journal Writing
Writing About the Readings
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Skill Refresher 14: Using Colons and Semicolons 
Internet Activities
Part V Strategies for Writing Essays   
Chapter 17 Summarizing and Synthesizing Sources   
USING SOURCES
Working with Reference Sources 
Annotating a Source
Writing a Paraphrase 
Writing Summaries 
Using Sources to Support Your Ideas 
Adding Information from Sources 
Synthesizing Sources
Documenting Sources
Avoiding Plagiarism and Cyberplagiarism
 Documentation
An Overview of the MLA Style
An ACADEMIC SCENARIO  A Student Essay, Some Pros and Cons of Legalizing Drugs, Melinda Lawson 
Revision Checklist 
Chapter Review and Practice
Internet Activities
Chapter 18 Writing Essay Exams and Competency Tests   
UNDERSTANDING EXAMS AND COMPETENCY TESTS
What Are Essay Exams and Competency Tests?
Preparing for Essay Exams
Taking Essay Exams 
Writing Your Answer 
Competency Tests and Exit Exams 
AN ACADEMIC SCENARIO. An Essay Answer, Sarah Evenhardt
Revision Checklist–Essay Exams 
Revision Checklist–Competency Tests 
Chapter Review and Practice
Internet Activities
Part VI A Multicultural Reader 
1.      Bok Lived to Tell of Capture, Slavery.  MARK MELADY
 
2.      Spanglish Creeps Into Mainstream  DEBORAH KING
3.      If Hip-Hop Ruled the World AISHA FINCH
4.      For My Indian Daughter   LEWIS  SAWAQUAT
5.      In This Arranged Marriage, Love Came Later.  SHOBA NARYAN 
6.        What Did I Love?  MARARENA DEL ROCIO HERNANDEZ 
 
Part VII Reviewing the Basics   
A  Understanding the Parts of Speech   
Nouns 
Pronouns 
Verbs 
Adjectives 
Adverbs 
Conjunctions 
Prepositions 
Interjections 
B  Understanding the Parts of Sentences   
Subjects 
Predicates 
Complements 
Basic Sentence Patterns 
Expanding the Sentence with Adjectives and Adverbs 
Expanding the Sentence with Phrases 
Expanding the Sentence with Clauses 
Basic Sentence Classifications 
C  Avoiding Sentence Errors   
Sentence Fragments 
Run-on Sentences and Comma Splices 
Uses of Verb Tenses 
Active and Passive Voices 
Subjunctive Mood 
Subject-Verb Agreement 
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement 
Pronoun Reference 
Pronoun Case 
Correct Adjective and Adverb Use 
D  Writing Effective Sentences   
Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers 
Shifts in Person, Number, and Verb Tense 
Coordination 
Subordination 
Parallelism 
Sentence Variety 
Redundancy and Wordiness 
Diction 
E  Using Punctuation Correctly   
End Punctuation 
Commas 
Unnecessary Commas 
Colons and Semicolons 
Dashes, Parentheses, Hyphens, Apostrophes, Quotation Marks 
F  Managing Mechanics and Spelling   
Capitalization 
Abbreviations 
Hyphenation and Word Division 
Numbers 
Suggestions for Improving Spelling 
Six Useful Spelling Rules 
G  Error Correction Exercises   
Part VIII ESL Guide for Nonnative Speakers of English   
 I. VERBS
A. Active Voice Verb Tenses and Related Forms                   B. Modal Auxiliaries                                                                
C. Nonaction Verbs                                                                 
D. Passive Voice                                                                                   II. NOUNS                                                                               
A. Plural Forms of Regular Verbs                                            
 B. Plural Forms of Irregular Verbs                                        
 C. Possessive Forms of Nouns                                                           
 D. Gerunds and Infinitives                                                                      
III. PRONOUNS                   
A. Personal Pronouns                                                                           B. Indefinite Pronouns                                                                         
IV. ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS                                    
A. Some Grammatical Reminders                                             B. Relative (Adjective) Clauses                                                            
V. TRANSITIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES           
A. Transitions for Contrast                                                       B. Transitions for Equality, Addition, and Similarity              
C. Transitions for Time                                                                        
D. Transitions for Reasons or Purpose                                                 
 E. Transitions for Results                                                         VI. CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS AND
   SUBJUNCTIVE VERB FORMS                              
A. Statements with “If” Clauses                                            B. Additional Uses of the Subjunctive                                     
VII. WEBSITES FOR ESL STUDENTS
Skill Refresher Answer Key 
Text and Art Credits 
Index 
 
 
 
 
 

• The writing-reading connection is introduced as early as Chapter 2 (Active Reading Strategies) and carried in each chapter throughout the text via the “Writing about a Reading” section—an independent section dedicated to the skill of connecting reading and writing.
• McWhorter uses a variety of visual apparatus to support student learning: “Visualize It!” idea maps enable students to see the flow of ideas and writing structures, “Write About It!” chapter-opening writing activities use an image to connect students with the chapter content.
• Aconnection between better grammar skills and better writing runs throughout the text as each chapter contains a “Skill Refresher”—a review of common grammar problems.  
• The use of writing scenarios (academic, workplace, and everyday) relates the classroom to the real world.
  • Academic Scenarios include an annotated student essay with writing assignments that encourage students to reflect on what they have read.
  • Workplace Scenarios feature an example of writing in the workplace, with questions and writing assignments.
• Splitcoverage of paragraphs and essay writing in the modes chapters accommodates a variety of skills levels and demonstrates the relationship(s) of paragraphs and essays so students see them as interrelated structures.
• The “Reviewing the Basics” handbook provides immediate access to a concise review of grammar, usage, punctuation, and mechanics and skill exercises.
• The “Writing Success Starts Here!” section focuses on strategies for being successful in college and includes: a guide to using the text, “Writing Success Tips,” student success stories, and information on how students can use the sticky tabs to take become active learners.
• The interconnected “Writing in Progress” exercises in each chapter build upon each other guide students through the activity of writing.
• MyWritingLab, the market-leading writing practice resource, provides better practice and assessment to produce better writers. MyWritingLab features: 
  •  9,000 exercises system wide that cover grammar, composition, and research;
  • progressive exercises—Recall, Apply and Write—that move students from literal comprehension (Recall) to critical application (Apply) to demonstrating concepts in their own writing (Write);
  • comprehensive progress tracking that not only shows how students are doing in MyWritingLab but what they are doing (number of sets completed, time on task, and such);
  • a diagnostic pre-test that assesses students’ skills in grammar and shapes their individualized Study Plan;
  • additional resources such as Pearson’s Study Skills Web site, access to Research Navigator, and a complimentary subscription to SMARTHINKING.