Extending the European Security Community de Dr. Emilian Kavalski

Extending the European Security Community: Constructing Peace in the Balkans

Dr. Emilian Kavalski

The region of the Balkans has become one of the emblematic features of the post-Cold War geography of international relations. Understanding the extension of the European zone of peace to the Balkans is at the heart of this pioneering work into the post-Cold War socialisation of the region. How is peace (i.e. a security-community-order) initiated in the Balkans? Who are the dominant agents of such peace-promotion? What processes suggest the initiation of (lasting) peace in the Balkans? Under what circumstances do regional states comply with international standards? Looking at the order-promoting processes of both the EU and Nato, Emilian Kavalski offers us the first detailed and theoretically-informed comparative analysis of the role played by external actors in the Balkan region as a whole. In doing so, he provides us with an insight into the processes of peace-promotion in general, and the patterns of security-community-building in the Balkans in particular.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS1. CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION2. CHAPTER TWO: PEACE AS ORDER2.1. Introduction2.2. What is Order?2.2.1. The Cooperation Aspect2.2.2. The Security Aspect2.3. Different Theoretical Views on Order2.3.1. Neorealist Perspective on Order2.3.2. Neoliberal Perspective on Order2.3.3. Constructivist Perspective on Order2.3.4. Neoliberal-Constructivist Perspective on Order2.4. Conclusion3. CHAPTER THREE: ESTABLISHING SECURITY COMMUNITIES3.1. Introduction3.2. The Analytical Framework of Security Communities3.2.1. Democratic Security Community3.3. Initiating Security Communities3.3.1. Hegemonic Power Revisited3.3.1.A. Socialisation Power3.3.1.B. The Security-Community-Order as Hegemonic Peace3.3.2. Elite Security Community3.3.2.A. Why Elites?3.3.2.B. The Decision-Making Pattern of an Elite Security Community3.4. Conclusion4. CHAPTER FOUR: THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIALISATION OF THE BALKANS4.1. Introduction4.2. Norms and Rules4.3. What is Socialisation?4.3.1. Socialisation by International Organisation4.3.2. Socialisation in International Organisations4.3.3. The Socialisation Process4.4. Why Are International Organisations Interested in Socialisation?4.5. How Can Socialisation Extend Peace?4.6. Conclusion5. CHAPTER FIVE: THE CENTRALITY OF THE EU AND NATO IN EUROPEAN SECURITY5.1. Introduction5.2. The Terms of the Post-1999 European Order5.2.1. Securitisation of Western Norms5.2.1.A. Inclusion of the Balkans in the Integration Programmes of the EU and NATO5.2.1.B. The Limitations of the UN and the OSCE5.2.2. Functional Differentiation between the EU and NATO5.3. The Effects of "9/11"5.4. Conclusion6. CHAPTER SIX: EXPORTING THE EU TO THE BALKANS6.1. Introduction6.2. From a Union of Europe to the European Union6.3. EU Approaches to the Balkans6.3.1. Foreign Policy Approaches to the Balkans6.3.1.A. Bulgaria and Romania6.3.1.B. The Western Balkans6.3.2. Enlargement into the Balkans6.3.2.A. Bulgaria and Romania6.3.2.B. The Western Balkans6.3.2.C. Regional (Peaceful) Cooperative Interactions6.4. Bulgaria4.1. The EU-driven elite-socialisation6.4.2. Foreign Policy Behaviour6.5. Croatia6.5.1. The EU-driven elite-socialisation6.5.2. Foreign Policy Behaviour6.6. Conclusion7. CHAPTER SEVEN: NATO'S PROJECTION OF ORDER TO THE BALKANS7.1. Introduction7.2. NATO Background7.3. NATO after the Cold War7.4. Association7.4.1. Romania7.4.1.A. Context of NATO Involvement7.4.1.B. International Behaviour7.5. Enforcement7.5.1. Serbia/Montenegro7.5.1.A. Supportive Enforcement7.5.1.B. Peace-Enforcement7.5.1.C. Preventive Enforcement7.6 Conclusion8. CHAPTER EIGHT: CONCLUSION8.1. Research Summary: The Hegemonic Peace Project - A Contradiction in Terms?8.2. The Elite Security Community of the Balkans: Problems8.3. Peace in the Balkans: Prospects