In May 2007, the National Security Presidential Directive-51/Homeland Security Presidential Directive-20 (NSPD-51/HSPD-20) "National Continuity Policy" was issued by the President to establish and maintain a comprehensive and effective national continuity capability in order to ensure the preservation of our form of Government under the Constitution and the continuing performance of National Essential Functions under all conditions. In August 2007, the President approve the "National Continuity Policy Implementation Plan" to build upon the "Policy" and provide guidance to executive departments and agencies on appropriately identifying and carrying out their Primary Mission Essential Function that support the eight National Essential Functions - the most critical functions necessary to lead and sustain the Nation during catastrophic emergency. This Federal Continuity Directive (FCD) provides direction to the Federal executive branch for developing continuity plans and programs. Continuity planning facilitates the performance of executive branch essential functions during all-hazards emergencies or other situations that may disrupt normal operations. The ultimate goal of continuity in the executive branch is the continuation of National Essential Functions (NEFs).