This book examines the federal prison population in the United States with a focus on growing inmate crowding and the eligibility and capacity impact to reduce inmates' time in prison. Issues discussed include the effects of a growing federal prison population on operations within the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) facilities and the extent to which BOP has taken actions to mitigate these effects. Also discussed is the extent to which BOP utilizes its authorities to reduce a federal prisoner's period of incarceration.