Female sex hormones are produced in both females and males. They influence almost every aspect of human physiological functions, activities and behaviours. Disturbance in female sex hormones may result in variety of disorders including cancer. Attention is usually focused on female sex hormone-related cancers in reproductive organs in females such as breast, cervix and ovary. However, advances in science have discovered that female sex hormones also have a great impact on cancers in non-reproductive organs and tissues such as colon, oesophagus and thyroid in both men and women. This book describes and summarises the up-to-date information on an emerging topic of female sex hormones and cancer.