For all four-string fretted instruments tuned to fifths: mandolin, mandola, mandocello, tenor guitar, tenor banjo, bouzouki, trembulo, cura, domra, etc. All the essential western scales/modes are mapped out on the fretboard in easy-to-remember patterns that are perfectly logical, and - most importantly - 100% practical for ease of execution in performance. This is an intensive study guide for those who wish to further their understanding of these essential scale fingerings in an intelligent and orderly manner. The descriptive use of color throughout enables the player to most clearly and graphically envision the differences and similarities between related scales and sections of scales. These are shown in various configurations designed to highlight the intervallic relationships and repetition of fragments between groups of strings. The exposition of 5th-tuned 4-string fretboard systems presented in this book graphically demonstrates how simple the mastery of scales can be via the internalization of just a few basic finger positions and their repeating combinations.