The Mekong Delta of Vietnam is extremely vulnerable to floods and, therefore, the establishment of dike systems is generally considered an appropriate approach to flood control. Based on intensive field work in the heart of the Delta, this dissertation investigates current dike planning practices, as well as its implementation at district and commune levels. The research reveals numerous shortcomings with regard to planning and shows that the dike system also produces adverse negative impacts on the ecosystems and livelihoods. Dissertation. (Series: ZEF Development Studies - Vol. 18)