Ancient rivers have altered many Palaeolithic sites, obfuscating our ability to understand early human behavior. Building on previous models characterizing fluvial disturbance, the research presented in this volume focuses on identifying new ways ofunderstanding how lithic assemblages are affected by rivers through a series of experiments. It is argued that these effects are predictable, but dependent on aspects of river and artifact morphology. It is suggested that this new knowledge improvesour understanding of the earliest human occupations of Northern Europe.