The rural populations in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region depend, in good part, on forest resources for income generation, fuel-wood for energy, and grazing for livestock, among other uses. The development of forestry has the potential to alleviate poverty, promote economic development and achieve social equity, along with protecting the environment. This book details the World Bank assisted forestry projects implemented in the MENA region over the last ten years. It contains a definition of forests in the region and describes their current status. This book also includes related policy and economic issues, as well as identifies the involvement of the civil society and private sector in forestry.