The aim of this book is to make available, to students and experts, a compendium of important articles covering (1) the development of single-article reconstruction techniques, and (2) the progress in the exploration of structural basis of translation in bacteria and eukaryotes by cryo-EM and single-particle reconstruction.For novice and expert alike, a good overview of the development of tools and the ensuing discoveries spanning almost half a century has been lacking. Review articles attempting such an endeavor normally a very limited scope. The purpose of this book is to give the reader access to a selection of original articles spanning this period, from which he or she can form his or her opinion, the introductory text serving as a guide.There is no competing book. The author has made pioneering contributions both in the development of the technique, which is now on the verge of attaining atomic resolution, and to the exploration of ribosome structure and function.Selected reprints of key papers in the development of single-particle reconstruction methods, and in the research of ribosome structure and dynamics making use of these new methods. The reprints cover the period of 1969–2013.