This book is written, keeping the undergraduate students in mind, with the aim to develop foundation of the novice in the field of biotechnology. The book is written in simple and easy to understand language. The various fundamental concepts involved are explained lucidly with vivid diagrams and suitable illustrations. This book deals with genetics and genetic engineering principles with applications in pharmaceutical biotechnology; fermentation process; plant cell/tissue culture and animal cell/tissue/organ culture; hybridoma technology and novel methods for the production of monoclonal antibodies; transformative capacity of microbes in production of hard to synthesize pharmaceuticals; methods of cell immobilization and their applications; environmental and social role of biotechnology; and bioinformatics.