This book portrays the achievements and progress of equality at work between men and women. The relevant UN Conventions, the ILO Philadelphia Declaration of 1944 and the numerous ILO Conventions and Recommendations on the development of equality are recalled. The European Union has applied and developed the universal ILO standards, empowering rights of equality with effective remedies through EU legislation and enforcement by its Court of Justice. The issues covered include equal remuneration and treatment, positive or affirmative action, dignity of the worker, maternity protection, part-time work and indirect discrimination, workers with family responsibilities and child care. New perspectives, policies and trends are discussed in a conclusion.