In the nineteenth century the Scudders went to India with the avowed intention to confine their efforts to evangelistic preaching. By the time the Reformed Church mission became a part of the Church of South India, it was one of the most heavily institutionalized churches in the nation, supporting agricultural and industrial efforts, one of India's leading hospitals, and numerous educational institutions. This work by Eugene Heideman, himself a missionary to India, analyzes the causes for the shift in missionary emphasis in India, illuminating in the process an intriguing yet little-known component of the Reformed Church's witness.