The biological branches botany and plant breeding have been growing rapidly which have influenced the thinking of plant breeder and botanist. It is hard work to make a good compilation to cover the knowledge of botany and plant breeding in a single plate form in a simple mode. I am trying to compile it. The present compilation is mainly for UG and PG students of plant breeding and agriculture botany. Under the present compilation, i am including the introduction and history of plant breeding, and general principle and methods of plant breeding in a simple language. Tables and photographs have been used where necessary to make the task clear.In addition to plant breeding also include the introductory botany.Here i am including the plants structure and their different parts in detail. Also include the mode of reproduction and pollination, fertilization, embryo formation, seed development and taxonomy of the plants. I am sure that it will be helpful for increase the knowledge of students of agricultural botany and plant breeding. I would like to record my gratitude for my wife and family for support.