Gastric MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma is an extra-ganglionic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, characterized by infiltration of the stomach mucosa by small B lymphocytes associated with lymphoepithelial lesions. It is a rare disease that affects middle-aged men in particular. The course is often indolent, with few symptoms, and may remain localized for a long time. The ethiopathogenic link between Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric MALT lymphoma has been clearly established. In recent years, gastric MALT lymphoma has gained renewed interest due to a better understanding of its etiopathogenesis and improved management.