Historical research and understanding of history has often been subject to change in the 20th century. Georg G. Iggers examines the development from classic historicism, the beginning, to social history and historical social studies, microhistory and cultural history up to the latest turns of this science. The depiction is an overview of research positions, concepts and important works. A chapter on international historiography that deals with non-European historical research after the fall of the wall 1989/1990 has been added.