Malaria is a public health problem that affects 40% of the world's population. Approximately 92% of malaria cases occur in sub-Saharan African countries. In this continent, the incidence is 500 to 900 per 1000 inhabitants, compared to 5 to 6 per 1000 inhabitants in Asia. In Mali, malaria accounts for 39% of consultations in health centres. It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the general population, at 15.6% and 13% respectively. Pregnant women and children under 5 years of age are the most affected, with complications such as maternal anaemia, abortion, low birth weight and neuromalaria. This work highlights the influence of distance on the use of health facilities by the population.