Globalization and Market Outcomes: Strategic Evidences traces the trajectory of reforms in India across the span of about two and a half decades, cutting across the regimes of total control, partial decontrol, and total decontrol. It examines the empirical evidence of the linkages between India's liberalization and industry performance through the behavior of price-cost margins. The study employed the Extended Structure-Conduct-Performance Model in examining the simultaneity of relationships, not only how structure influences performance, but also how the industry performance has impacted structure via new investment. Many of the findings are of topical relevance especially the role of technology, scale economies, mergers and acquisitions, emerging trends towards cartels, and the need for a powerful regulatory framework.