Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary (GRNMS) (Figure 1) is managed by the National Marine Sanctuary Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), part of the U.S. Department of Commerce. This Final Management Plan (FMP) is designed to replace the 1983 GRNMS management plan, as management strategies have been updated and revised to address current and priority resource issues. The strategies within this revised plan address impacts from human activities, such as anchoring, diving, marine debris, and fishing, as well as administration, research, exploration, evaluation, and education needs.