Joint replacement surgery is a type of orthopedic surgery in which a dysfunctional or arthritic joint is replaced with a prosthetic implant. It is a treatment for severe joint pain or dysfunction which cannot be relieved by less invasive treatments. Joint replacement is a form of arthroplasty. Hip replacement is a surgical procedure in which a hip prosthesis is placed in place of the hip joint. It can be performed as a hemi replacement or a total replacement. In hemiarthroplasty, only the femoral head is replaced while in a total hip arthroplasty, both acetabulum and femoral head are replaced. Knee replacement is commonly performed for osteoarthritis. This book contains some path-breaking studies in the field of hip and knee joint replacement. It is an upcoming field of science that has undergone rapid development over the past few decades. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with this field will benefit alike from this book.