The branch of biology that is concerned with the study of the molecular basis of biological activities within and between the cells is known as molecular biology. It encompasses molecular synthesis, mechanisms, modifications and interactions. It is closely related to the fields of biochemistry, genetics, computational biology and bioinformatics. Molecular genetics is one of the most prominent sub-fields of this area. Molecular cloning, gel electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction, macromolecule blotting and probing, allele-specific oligonucleotide, microarrays, etc. are some of the techniques used within this discipline. This book brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of molecular biology. The various studies that are constantly contributing towards advancing technologies and evolution of this field are examined in detail. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.