The importance of people in organizations has been growing in the organizational environment over the last decades. Digital transformation, artificial intelligence, and sustainability have already reinforced the role of people as a differentiating element for the success and survival of organizations. These phenomena alone are already challenging for people. There is a consensus that the world of work as we knew before the pandemic will not return. Human resource management (HRM) practices must prepare organizations for the future of work. The Handbook of Research on Challenges for Human Resource Management in the COVID-19 Era analyzes state-of-the-art HRM in a digital transformation context and investigates the factors that promote more learning and development dynamics in organizational contexts. It also evaluates the impact of HRM policies on individuals, organizations, and societies. Covering topics such as corporate social responsibility, job satisfaction, and electronic performance monitoring, this major reference work is a crucial resource for leaders from public and private companies, human resource professionals, specialists, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians.