Heritage of World Civilizations, The, Volume 2
Autor Albert M Craig, William A. Graham, Donald Kagan, Steven Ozment, Frank M. Turneren Limba Engleză Mixed media product – 24 feb 2008
Written by leading scholars in their respective fields, Heritage of World Civilizations 8e, combines unusually strong and thorough coverage of the unique heritage of Asian, African, Islamic, Western, and American civilizations, while highlighting the role of the world's great religious and philosophical traditions.
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9780136003229
ISBN-10: 0136003222
Pagini: 752
Dimensiuni: 229 x 273 mm
Greutate: 1.75 kg
Ediția:8Nouă
Editura: Pearson Education
Colecția Pearson Education
Locul publicării:Upper Saddle River, United States
ISBN-10: 0136003222
Pagini: 752
Dimensiuni: 229 x 273 mm
Greutate: 1.75 kg
Ediția:8Nouă
Editura: Pearson Education
Colecția Pearson Education
Locul publicării:Upper Saddle River, United States
Cuprins
PART IV. THE WORLD IN TRANSITION.
16. Europe to the Early 1500s: Revival, Decline, and Renaissance.
Revival of the Empire, Church, and Towns
Otto I and the Revival of the Empire
The Reviving Catholic Church
The Crusades
Towns and Townspeople
Society
The Order of Life
Medieval Women
Growth of National Monarchies
Englandand France: Hastings (1066) to Bouvines (1214)
Francein the Thirteenth Century: Reign of Louis IX
The Hohenstaufen Empire (1152-1272)
Political and Social Breakdown
Hundred Years’ War
The Black Death
New Conflicts and Opportunities
Ecclesiastical Breakdown and the Revival: the Late Medieval Church
Boniface VIII and Philip the Fair
The Great Schism (1378-1417) and the Conciliar Movement to 1449
The Renaissance in Italy (1375-1527)
The Italian City-State: Social Conflict and Despotism
Humanism
Renaissance Art in and Beyond Italy
Italy’s Political Decline: The French Invasions (1494-1527)
Niccolò Machiavelli
Revival of Monarchy: Nation Building in the Fifteenth Century
Medieval Russia
France
Spain
England
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
17. Europe 1500-1650: Expansion, Reformation, and Religious Wars.
The Discovery of a New World
The Portuguese Chart the Course
The Spanish Voyages of Christopher Columbus
Impact on Europe and America
The Reformation
Religion and Society
Popular Movements and Criticism of the Church
Secular Control over Religious Life
The Northern Renaissance
Martin Luther and the German Reformation to 1525
Zwingli and the Swiss Reformation
Anabaptists and Radical Protestants
John Calvin and the Genevan Reformation
Political Consolidation of the Lutheran Reformation
The English Reformation to 1553
Catholic Reform and Counter-Reformation
The Reformation’s Achievements
Religion in Fifteenth-Century Life
Religion in Sixteenth-Century Life
Family Life in Early Modern Europe
The Wars of Religion
French Wars of Religion (1562-1598)
Imperial Spain and the Reign of Philip II (1556-1598)
Englandand Spain (1558-1603)
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648)
Superstition and Enlightenment: the Battle Within
Witch Hunts and Panic
Writers and Philosophers
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
* Religions of the World: Christianity *
18. Conquest and Exploitation: the Development of the Transatlantic Economy.
Periods of European Overseas Expansion
Mercantilist Theory of Economic Exploitation
Establishment of the Spanish Empire in America
Conquest of the Aztecs and the Incas
The Roman Catholic Church in Spanish America
Economics of Exploitation in the Spanish Empire
Varieties of Economic Activity
Commercial Regulation and the Flota System
Colonial Brazil
French and British colonies in North America
The Columbian Exchange: Disease, Animals, and Agriculture
Diseases Enter the Americas
Animals and Agriculture
Slavery in the Americas
The Background of Slavery
Establishment of Slavery
The Plantation Economy and Transatlantic Trade
Slavery on the Plantations
Africaand the Transatlantic Slave Trade
Slavery and Slaving in Africa
The African Side of the Transatlantic Trade
The Extent of the Slave Trade
Consequences of the Slave Trade for Africa
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
19. East Asia in the Late Traditional Era.
Late Imperial China.
Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) Dynasties
Land And People
China’s Third Commercial Revolution
Political System
Ming-Qing Foreign Relations
Ming-Qing Culture
Japan.
Warring States Era (1467-1600)
War of All Against All
Foot Soldier Revolution
Foreign Relations and Trade
Tokugawa Era (1600-1868)
Political Engineering and Economic Growth During the Seventeenth Century
Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries
Tokugawa Culture
Koreaand Vietnam.
Korea
Early History
Korea: The Choson Era
Vietnam
Early History
Late Traditional Vietnam
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
20. State-Building and Society in Early Modern Europe.
European Political Consolidation
Two Models of European Political Development
Toward Parliamentary Government in England
The “Glorious Revolution”
Rise of Absolute Monarchy in France: The World of Louis XIV
Years of Personal Rule
RussiaEnters the European Political Arena
Birth of the Romanov Dynasty
Peter the Great
The Habsburg Empire ad the Pragmatic Sanction
The Rise of Prussia
European Warfare: From Continental to World Conflict
The Wars of Louis XIV
The Eighteenth-Century Colonial Arena
War of Jenkins’s Ear
The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748)
The Seven Years’ War (1756-1763)
The Old Regime
Maintenance of Tradition
Hierarchy and Privilege
Aristocracy
The Land and Its Tillers
Peasants and Serfs
Family Structures and the Family Economy
The Family Economy
Women and the Family Economy
The Revolution in Agriculture
New Crops and New Methods
Population Expansion
The Eighteenth-Century Industrial Revolution: An Event in World History
Industrial Leadership of Great Britain
European Cities
Patterns of Preindustrial Urbanization
Urban Classes
The Jewish Population: Age of the Ghetto
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
21. The Last Great Islamic Empires 1500-1800.
The Ottoman Empire and the East Mediterranean World
Origins and Development of the Ottoman State Before 1600
The “Classical” Ottoman Order
After Süleyman: Challenges and Change
The Decline of Ottoman Military and Political Power
The Safavid Empire and the West Asian World
Origins
Shah Abbas I
Safavid Decline
Culture and Learning
The Mughals
Origins
Akbar’s Reign
The Last Great Mughals
Sikhs and Marathas
Political Decline
Religious Developments
Central Asia: Islamization in the Post-Timur Era
Uzbeks and Chaghatiays
Consequences of the Shi’ite Rift
Power Shifts in the Southern Oceans
Southern –Oceans Trade
Control of the Southern Seas
The Indies: Acheh
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
PART V. ENLIGHTENMENT AND REVOLUTION IN THE WEST.
22. The Age of European Enlightenment.
The Scientific Revolution
Nicolaus Copernicus Rejects and Earth-centered Universe
Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler
Galileo Galilei
Francis Bacon: The Empirical Method
Isaac Newton Discovers the Laws of Gravitation
Women in the World of the Scientific Revolution
John Locke
The Enlightenment
Voltaire
The Encyclopedia
The Enlightenment and Religion
Deism
Toleration
Islam in Enlightenment Thought
The Enlightenment and Society
Montesquieu and “The Spirit of the Laws”
Adam Smith on Economic Growth and Social Progress
Rousseau
Enlightened Critics of European Empire
Women in the Thought and Practice of the Enlightenment
Enlightened Absolutism
Joseph II of Austria
Catherine the Great of Russia
The Partition of Poland
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
23. Revolutions in the Transatlantic World.
Revolution in the British Colonies in North America
Resistance to the Imperial Search for Revenue
American Political Ideas
Crisis and Independence
Revolution in France
Revolutions of 1789
Reconstruction of France
A Second Revolution
The Reign of Terror and Its Aftermath
The Napoleonic Era
The Congress of Vienna and the European Settlement
Wars of Independence in Latin America
Eighteenth- Century Developments
First movements Toward Independence
San Martín in Río de la Plata
Simón Bolívar’s Liberation of Venezuela
Independencein New Spain
Brazilian Independence
Toward the Abolition of Slavery in the Transatlantic Economy
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
24. Political Consolidation in Nineteenth-Century Europe and North America 1815-1880.
The Emergence of Nationalism in Europe
Creating Nations
Meaning of Nationhood
Regions of Nationalistic Pressure in Europe
Early-Nineteenth-Century Political Liberalism
Politics
Economics
Relationship of Nationalism and Liberalism
Liberalism and Nationalism in Modern World History
Efforts to Liberalize Early-Nineteenth-Century European Political Structures
Russia: The Decembrist Revolt of 1825 and the Autocracy of Nicholas I
Revolution in France (1830)
The Great Reform bill in Britain (1832)
1848: Year of Revolutions in Europe
Testing the New American Republic
Toward Sectional Conflict
The Abolitionist Movement
The Canadian Experience
Road to Self-Government
Keeping a Distinctive Culture
Mid-century Political Consolidation in Europe
The Crimean War
Italian Unification
German Unification
The Franco-Prussian War and the German Empire
Unrest of Nationalities in Eastern Europe
Racial Theory and Anti-Semitism
Anti-Semitism and the Birth of Zionism
Review Questions
Summary
Key Terms
PART VI. INTO THE MODERN WORLD.
25. Northern Transatlantic Economy and Society 1815-1914.
European Factory Workers and Urban Artisans
Nineteenth-Century European Women
Women in the Early Industrial Revolution
Social Disabilities Confronted by All Women
New Employment Patterns for Women
Late-Nineteenth-Century Working-Class Women
The Rise of Political Feminism
Jewish Emancipation
Early Steps to Equal Citizenship
Broadened Opportunities
European Labor, Socialism, and Politics to World War I
The Working Class in the Late Nineteenth Century
Marxist Critique of the Industrial Order
Germany: Social Democrats and Revisionism
Great Britain: The Labour Party and Fabianism
Russia: Industrial Development and the Birth of Bolshevism
European Socialism in World History
North Americaand the New Industrial Economy
European Immigration to the United States
Unions: Organization of Labor
The Progressives
Social Reform
The Progressive Presidency
The Emergence of Modern European Thought
Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection
The Revolution in Physics
Frederich Nietzsche and the Revolt Against Reason
The Birth of Psychoanalysis
Islam and Late-Nineteenth-Century European Thought
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
26. Latin America: From Independence to the 1940s.
IndependenceWithout Revolution
Immediate Consequences of Latin American Independence
Absence of Social Change
Control of the Land
Submissive Political Philosophies
Economy of Dependence
New Exploitation of Resources
Increased Foreign Ownership and Influence
Economic Crises and New Directions
Search for Political Stability
Three National Histories
Argentina
Mexico
Brazil
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
27. India, the Islamic Heartlands, and Africa: The Challenge of Modernity (1800-1945).
THE INDIAN EXPERIENCE
British Dominance and Colonial Rule
Building the Empire: The First Half of the Nineteenth Century
British-Indian Relations
From British Crown Raj to Independence
The Burden of Crown Rule
Indian Resistance
Hindu-Muslim Friction on the Road to Independence
THE ISLAMIC EXPERIENCE
Islamic Responses to Declining Power and Independence
Western Political Economic Encroachment
The Western Impact
Islamic Responses to Foreign Encroachment
Emulation of the West
Integration of Western and Islamic Ideas
Purification and Revival of Islam
Nationalism
THE AFRICAN EXPERIENCE
New States and Power Centers
Southern Africa
East and Central Africa
West Africa
Islamic Reform Movements
Increasing European Involvement: Exploration and Colonization
Explorers
Christian Missions
The Colonial “Scramble for Africa”
Patterns in European Colonial Rule and African Resistance
The Rise of African Nationalism
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
* Religions of the World: Islam *
28. MODERN EAST ASIA.
MODERN CHINA (1839-1949).
Close of Manchu Rule
The Opium War
Rebellions Against the Manchu
Self-Strengthening and Decline (1874-1895)
The Borderlands: The Northwest, Vietnam, and Korea
From Dynasty to Warlordism (1895-1926)
Cultural and Ideological Ferment: The May Fourth Movement
Nationalist China
Guomingdang Unification of China and the Nanjing Decade (1927-1937)
War and Revolution (1937-1949)
MODERN JAPAN (1853-1945).
Overthrow of the Tokugawa Bakufu (1853-1868)
Building the Meiji State (18168-1890)
Centralization of Power
Political Parties
The Constitution
Growth of a Modern Economy
First Phase: Model Industries
Second Phase: 1880s—1890s
Third Phase: 1905-1929
Fourth Phase: Depression and Recovery
The Politics of Imperial Japan (1890-1945)
From Confrontation to the Founding of the Seiyukai (1890-1900)
The Golden Years of Meiji
Rise of the Parties to Power
Militarism and War (1927-1945)
Japanese Militarism and German Nazism
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
PART VII. GLOBAL CONFLICT AND CHANGE.
29. IMPERIALISM AND WORLD WAR I.
Expansion of European Power and the “New Imperialism”
The New Imperialism
Motives for the New Imperialism: Economic Interpretation
The “Scramble for Africa”
Emergence of the German Empire
Formation of the Triple Alliance
Bismarck’s Leadership (1873-1890)
Forging the Triple Entente (1890-1907)
World War I
The Road to War (1908-1914)
Sarajevoand the Outbreak of War (June-August 1914)
Strategies and Stalemate (1914-1917)
The Russian Revolution
End of World War I
Military Resolution
Settlement at Paris
Evaluation of the Peace
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
30. DEPRESSION, EUROPEAN DICTATORS, AND THE AMERICAN NEW DEAL
After Versailles: Demand for Revision and Enforcement
Toward the Great Depression in Europe
Financial Tailspin
Problems in Agricultural Commodities
Depression and Government Policy
The Soviet Experiment
War Communism
The New Economic Policy
Stalin Versus Trotsky
Decision for Rapid Industrialization
The Purges
The Fascist Experiment in Italy
Rise of Mussolini
The Fascists in Power
Germen Democracy and Dictatorship
The Weimar Republic
Depression and Political Deadlock
Hitler Comes to Power
Hitler’s Consolidation of Power
The Police State
Women in Nazi Germany
The Great Depression and the New Deal in the United States
Economic Collapse
New Role for Government
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
31. WORLD WAR II
Again The Road to War (1933-1939)
Hitler’s Goals
Destruction of Versailles
ItalyAttacks Ethiopia
Remilitarization of the Rhineland
The Spanish Civil War
Austriaand Czechoslovakia
Munich
The Nazi-Soviet Pact
World War II (1939-1945)
German Conquest of Europe
Battleof Britain
German Attack on Russia
Hitler’s Europe
Racism and the Holocaust
The Road to Pearl Harbor
America’s Entry into the War
The Tide Turns
Defeat of Nazi Germany
Fall of Japanese Empire
The Cost of War
The Domestic Fronts
Germany: From Apparent Victory to Defeat
France: Defeat, Collaboration and Resistance
Great Britain: Organization for Victory
The Soviet Union: “The Great Patriotic War”
Preparations for Peace
The Atlantic Charter
Tehran
Yalta
Potsdam
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
32. The West Since World War II.
The Cold War Era
Initial Causes
Areas of Early Cold War Conflict
NATO and the Warsaw Pact
Crises of 1956
The Cold War Intensified
Détente and Afterward
European Society in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century
Toward Western European Unification
Students and Popular Music
The Movement of Peoples
The New Muslim Population
New Patterns in the Work and Expectations of Women
American Domestic Scene Since World War II
Truman and Eisenhower Administrations
Civil Rights
New Social Programs
The Vietnam War and Domestic Turmoil
The Watergate Scandal
The Triumph of Political Conservation
The Soviet Union to 1989
The Khrushchev Years
Brezhnev
Communism and Solidarity in Poland
Gorbachev Attempts to Redirect the Soviet Union
1989: Year of Revolutions in Eastern Europe
Solidarity Reemerges in Poland
HungaryMoves Toward Independence
The Breach of the Berlin Wall and German Reunification
The Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia
Violent Revolution in Romania
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
Renunciation of Communist Political Monopoly
The August 1991 Coup
The Yeltsin Years
The Collapse of Yugoslavia and the Civil War
Challenges to the Atlantic Alliance
Challenges to the International Security Front
Strains over Environmental Policy
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
33. EAST ASIA: THE RECENT DECADES
Japan
The Occupation
Parliamentary Politics
Economic Growth
Japanand the World
China
Soviet Period (1950-1960)
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1965-1976)
ChinaAfter Mao
Taiwan
Korea
A Japanese Colony
North and South
Civil War and U.S. Involvement
Recent Developments
Vietnam
The Colonial Backdrop
The Anticolonial War
The Vietnam War
War with Cambodia
Recent Developments
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
34. Posstcolonialism and Beyond: Latin America, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
Beyond the Postcolonial Era
Latin AmericaSince 1945
Revolutionary Challenges
Pursuit of Stability Under the Threat of Revolution
Continuity and Change in Recent Latin American History
Postcolonial Africa
The Transition to Independence
The African Future
Trade and Development
The Islamic Heartlands, from North Africa to Indonesia
Turkey
Iranand Its Islamic Revolution
Afghanistanand the Former Soviet Republics
India
Pakistanand Bangladesh
Indonesiaand Malaysia
The Postcolonial Middle East
Postcolonial Nations in the Middle East
The Arab-Israeli Conflict
Middle Eastern Oil
The Rise of Militant Islamism
Iraq and United States: Intervention and Occupation
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
16. Europe to the Early 1500s: Revival, Decline, and Renaissance.
Revival of the Empire, Church, and Towns
Otto I and the Revival of the Empire
The Reviving Catholic Church
The Crusades
Towns and Townspeople
Society
The Order of Life
Medieval Women
Growth of National Monarchies
Englandand France: Hastings (1066) to Bouvines (1214)
Francein the Thirteenth Century: Reign of Louis IX
The Hohenstaufen Empire (1152-1272)
Political and Social Breakdown
Hundred Years’ War
The Black Death
New Conflicts and Opportunities
Ecclesiastical Breakdown and the Revival: the Late Medieval Church
Boniface VIII and Philip the Fair
The Great Schism (1378-1417) and the Conciliar Movement to 1449
The Renaissance in Italy (1375-1527)
The Italian City-State: Social Conflict and Despotism
Humanism
Renaissance Art in and Beyond Italy
Italy’s Political Decline: The French Invasions (1494-1527)
Niccolò Machiavelli
Revival of Monarchy: Nation Building in the Fifteenth Century
Medieval Russia
France
Spain
England
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
17. Europe 1500-1650: Expansion, Reformation, and Religious Wars.
The Discovery of a New World
The Portuguese Chart the Course
The Spanish Voyages of Christopher Columbus
Impact on Europe and America
The Reformation
Religion and Society
Popular Movements and Criticism of the Church
Secular Control over Religious Life
The Northern Renaissance
Martin Luther and the German Reformation to 1525
Zwingli and the Swiss Reformation
Anabaptists and Radical Protestants
John Calvin and the Genevan Reformation
Political Consolidation of the Lutheran Reformation
The English Reformation to 1553
Catholic Reform and Counter-Reformation
The Reformation’s Achievements
Religion in Fifteenth-Century Life
Religion in Sixteenth-Century Life
Family Life in Early Modern Europe
The Wars of Religion
French Wars of Religion (1562-1598)
Imperial Spain and the Reign of Philip II (1556-1598)
Englandand Spain (1558-1603)
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648)
Superstition and Enlightenment: the Battle Within
Witch Hunts and Panic
Writers and Philosophers
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
* Religions of the World: Christianity *
18. Conquest and Exploitation: the Development of the Transatlantic Economy.
Periods of European Overseas Expansion
Mercantilist Theory of Economic Exploitation
Establishment of the Spanish Empire in America
Conquest of the Aztecs and the Incas
The Roman Catholic Church in Spanish America
Economics of Exploitation in the Spanish Empire
Varieties of Economic Activity
Commercial Regulation and the Flota System
Colonial Brazil
French and British colonies in North America
The Columbian Exchange: Disease, Animals, and Agriculture
Diseases Enter the Americas
Animals and Agriculture
Slavery in the Americas
The Background of Slavery
Establishment of Slavery
The Plantation Economy and Transatlantic Trade
Slavery on the Plantations
Africaand the Transatlantic Slave Trade
Slavery and Slaving in Africa
The African Side of the Transatlantic Trade
The Extent of the Slave Trade
Consequences of the Slave Trade for Africa
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
19. East Asia in the Late Traditional Era.
Late Imperial China.
Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) Dynasties
Land And People
China’s Third Commercial Revolution
Political System
Ming-Qing Foreign Relations
Ming-Qing Culture
Japan.
Warring States Era (1467-1600)
War of All Against All
Foot Soldier Revolution
Foreign Relations and Trade
Tokugawa Era (1600-1868)
Political Engineering and Economic Growth During the Seventeenth Century
Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries
Tokugawa Culture
Koreaand Vietnam.
Korea
Early History
Korea: The Choson Era
Vietnam
Early History
Late Traditional Vietnam
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
20. State-Building and Society in Early Modern Europe.
European Political Consolidation
Two Models of European Political Development
Toward Parliamentary Government in England
The “Glorious Revolution”
Rise of Absolute Monarchy in France: The World of Louis XIV
Years of Personal Rule
RussiaEnters the European Political Arena
Birth of the Romanov Dynasty
Peter the Great
The Habsburg Empire ad the Pragmatic Sanction
The Rise of Prussia
European Warfare: From Continental to World Conflict
The Wars of Louis XIV
The Eighteenth-Century Colonial Arena
War of Jenkins’s Ear
The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748)
The Seven Years’ War (1756-1763)
The Old Regime
Maintenance of Tradition
Hierarchy and Privilege
Aristocracy
The Land and Its Tillers
Peasants and Serfs
Family Structures and the Family Economy
The Family Economy
Women and the Family Economy
The Revolution in Agriculture
New Crops and New Methods
Population Expansion
The Eighteenth-Century Industrial Revolution: An Event in World History
Industrial Leadership of Great Britain
European Cities
Patterns of Preindustrial Urbanization
Urban Classes
The Jewish Population: Age of the Ghetto
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
21. The Last Great Islamic Empires 1500-1800.
The Ottoman Empire and the East Mediterranean World
Origins and Development of the Ottoman State Before 1600
The “Classical” Ottoman Order
After Süleyman: Challenges and Change
The Decline of Ottoman Military and Political Power
The Safavid Empire and the West Asian World
Origins
Shah Abbas I
Safavid Decline
Culture and Learning
The Mughals
Origins
Akbar’s Reign
The Last Great Mughals
Sikhs and Marathas
Political Decline
Religious Developments
Central Asia: Islamization in the Post-Timur Era
Uzbeks and Chaghatiays
Consequences of the Shi’ite Rift
Power Shifts in the Southern Oceans
Southern –Oceans Trade
Control of the Southern Seas
The Indies: Acheh
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
PART V. ENLIGHTENMENT AND REVOLUTION IN THE WEST.
22. The Age of European Enlightenment.
The Scientific Revolution
Nicolaus Copernicus Rejects and Earth-centered Universe
Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler
Galileo Galilei
Francis Bacon: The Empirical Method
Isaac Newton Discovers the Laws of Gravitation
Women in the World of the Scientific Revolution
John Locke
The Enlightenment
Voltaire
The Encyclopedia
The Enlightenment and Religion
Deism
Toleration
Islam in Enlightenment Thought
The Enlightenment and Society
Montesquieu and “The Spirit of the Laws”
Adam Smith on Economic Growth and Social Progress
Rousseau
Enlightened Critics of European Empire
Women in the Thought and Practice of the Enlightenment
Enlightened Absolutism
Joseph II of Austria
Catherine the Great of Russia
The Partition of Poland
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
23. Revolutions in the Transatlantic World.
Revolution in the British Colonies in North America
Resistance to the Imperial Search for Revenue
American Political Ideas
Crisis and Independence
Revolution in France
Revolutions of 1789
Reconstruction of France
A Second Revolution
The Reign of Terror and Its Aftermath
The Napoleonic Era
The Congress of Vienna and the European Settlement
Wars of Independence in Latin America
Eighteenth- Century Developments
First movements Toward Independence
San Martín in Río de la Plata
Simón Bolívar’s Liberation of Venezuela
Independencein New Spain
Brazilian Independence
Toward the Abolition of Slavery in the Transatlantic Economy
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
24. Political Consolidation in Nineteenth-Century Europe and North America 1815-1880.
The Emergence of Nationalism in Europe
Creating Nations
Meaning of Nationhood
Regions of Nationalistic Pressure in Europe
Early-Nineteenth-Century Political Liberalism
Politics
Economics
Relationship of Nationalism and Liberalism
Liberalism and Nationalism in Modern World History
Efforts to Liberalize Early-Nineteenth-Century European Political Structures
Russia: The Decembrist Revolt of 1825 and the Autocracy of Nicholas I
Revolution in France (1830)
The Great Reform bill in Britain (1832)
1848: Year of Revolutions in Europe
Testing the New American Republic
Toward Sectional Conflict
The Abolitionist Movement
The Canadian Experience
Road to Self-Government
Keeping a Distinctive Culture
Mid-century Political Consolidation in Europe
The Crimean War
Italian Unification
German Unification
The Franco-Prussian War and the German Empire
Unrest of Nationalities in Eastern Europe
Racial Theory and Anti-Semitism
Anti-Semitism and the Birth of Zionism
Review Questions
Summary
Key Terms
PART VI. INTO THE MODERN WORLD.
25. Northern Transatlantic Economy and Society 1815-1914.
European Factory Workers and Urban Artisans
Nineteenth-Century European Women
Women in the Early Industrial Revolution
Social Disabilities Confronted by All Women
New Employment Patterns for Women
Late-Nineteenth-Century Working-Class Women
The Rise of Political Feminism
Jewish Emancipation
Early Steps to Equal Citizenship
Broadened Opportunities
European Labor, Socialism, and Politics to World War I
The Working Class in the Late Nineteenth Century
Marxist Critique of the Industrial Order
Germany: Social Democrats and Revisionism
Great Britain: The Labour Party and Fabianism
Russia: Industrial Development and the Birth of Bolshevism
European Socialism in World History
North Americaand the New Industrial Economy
European Immigration to the United States
Unions: Organization of Labor
The Progressives
Social Reform
The Progressive Presidency
The Emergence of Modern European Thought
Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection
The Revolution in Physics
Frederich Nietzsche and the Revolt Against Reason
The Birth of Psychoanalysis
Islam and Late-Nineteenth-Century European Thought
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
26. Latin America: From Independence to the 1940s.
IndependenceWithout Revolution
Immediate Consequences of Latin American Independence
Absence of Social Change
Control of the Land
Submissive Political Philosophies
Economy of Dependence
New Exploitation of Resources
Increased Foreign Ownership and Influence
Economic Crises and New Directions
Search for Political Stability
Three National Histories
Argentina
Mexico
Brazil
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
27. India, the Islamic Heartlands, and Africa: The Challenge of Modernity (1800-1945).
THE INDIAN EXPERIENCE
British Dominance and Colonial Rule
Building the Empire: The First Half of the Nineteenth Century
British-Indian Relations
From British Crown Raj to Independence
The Burden of Crown Rule
Indian Resistance
Hindu-Muslim Friction on the Road to Independence
THE ISLAMIC EXPERIENCE
Islamic Responses to Declining Power and Independence
Western Political Economic Encroachment
The Western Impact
Islamic Responses to Foreign Encroachment
Emulation of the West
Integration of Western and Islamic Ideas
Purification and Revival of Islam
Nationalism
THE AFRICAN EXPERIENCE
New States and Power Centers
Southern Africa
East and Central Africa
West Africa
Islamic Reform Movements
Increasing European Involvement: Exploration and Colonization
Explorers
Christian Missions
The Colonial “Scramble for Africa”
Patterns in European Colonial Rule and African Resistance
The Rise of African Nationalism
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
* Religions of the World: Islam *
28. MODERN EAST ASIA.
MODERN CHINA (1839-1949).
Close of Manchu Rule
The Opium War
Rebellions Against the Manchu
Self-Strengthening and Decline (1874-1895)
The Borderlands: The Northwest, Vietnam, and Korea
From Dynasty to Warlordism (1895-1926)
Cultural and Ideological Ferment: The May Fourth Movement
Nationalist China
Guomingdang Unification of China and the Nanjing Decade (1927-1937)
War and Revolution (1937-1949)
MODERN JAPAN (1853-1945).
Overthrow of the Tokugawa Bakufu (1853-1868)
Building the Meiji State (18168-1890)
Centralization of Power
Political Parties
The Constitution
Growth of a Modern Economy
First Phase: Model Industries
Second Phase: 1880s—1890s
Third Phase: 1905-1929
Fourth Phase: Depression and Recovery
The Politics of Imperial Japan (1890-1945)
From Confrontation to the Founding of the Seiyukai (1890-1900)
The Golden Years of Meiji
Rise of the Parties to Power
Militarism and War (1927-1945)
Japanese Militarism and German Nazism
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
PART VII. GLOBAL CONFLICT AND CHANGE.
29. IMPERIALISM AND WORLD WAR I.
Expansion of European Power and the “New Imperialism”
The New Imperialism
Motives for the New Imperialism: Economic Interpretation
The “Scramble for Africa”
Emergence of the German Empire
Formation of the Triple Alliance
Bismarck’s Leadership (1873-1890)
Forging the Triple Entente (1890-1907)
World War I
The Road to War (1908-1914)
Sarajevoand the Outbreak of War (June-August 1914)
Strategies and Stalemate (1914-1917)
The Russian Revolution
End of World War I
Military Resolution
Settlement at Paris
Evaluation of the Peace
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
30. DEPRESSION, EUROPEAN DICTATORS, AND THE AMERICAN NEW DEAL
After Versailles: Demand for Revision and Enforcement
Toward the Great Depression in Europe
Financial Tailspin
Problems in Agricultural Commodities
Depression and Government Policy
The Soviet Experiment
War Communism
The New Economic Policy
Stalin Versus Trotsky
Decision for Rapid Industrialization
The Purges
The Fascist Experiment in Italy
Rise of Mussolini
The Fascists in Power
Germen Democracy and Dictatorship
The Weimar Republic
Depression and Political Deadlock
Hitler Comes to Power
Hitler’s Consolidation of Power
The Police State
Women in Nazi Germany
The Great Depression and the New Deal in the United States
Economic Collapse
New Role for Government
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
31. WORLD WAR II
Again The Road to War (1933-1939)
Hitler’s Goals
Destruction of Versailles
ItalyAttacks Ethiopia
Remilitarization of the Rhineland
The Spanish Civil War
Austriaand Czechoslovakia
Munich
The Nazi-Soviet Pact
World War II (1939-1945)
German Conquest of Europe
Battleof Britain
German Attack on Russia
Hitler’s Europe
Racism and the Holocaust
The Road to Pearl Harbor
America’s Entry into the War
The Tide Turns
Defeat of Nazi Germany
Fall of Japanese Empire
The Cost of War
The Domestic Fronts
Germany: From Apparent Victory to Defeat
France: Defeat, Collaboration and Resistance
Great Britain: Organization for Victory
The Soviet Union: “The Great Patriotic War”
Preparations for Peace
The Atlantic Charter
Tehran
Yalta
Potsdam
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
32. The West Since World War II.
The Cold War Era
Initial Causes
Areas of Early Cold War Conflict
NATO and the Warsaw Pact
Crises of 1956
The Cold War Intensified
Détente and Afterward
European Society in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century
Toward Western European Unification
Students and Popular Music
The Movement of Peoples
The New Muslim Population
New Patterns in the Work and Expectations of Women
American Domestic Scene Since World War II
Truman and Eisenhower Administrations
Civil Rights
New Social Programs
The Vietnam War and Domestic Turmoil
The Watergate Scandal
The Triumph of Political Conservation
The Soviet Union to 1989
The Khrushchev Years
Brezhnev
Communism and Solidarity in Poland
Gorbachev Attempts to Redirect the Soviet Union
1989: Year of Revolutions in Eastern Europe
Solidarity Reemerges in Poland
HungaryMoves Toward Independence
The Breach of the Berlin Wall and German Reunification
The Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia
Violent Revolution in Romania
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
Renunciation of Communist Political Monopoly
The August 1991 Coup
The Yeltsin Years
The Collapse of Yugoslavia and the Civil War
Challenges to the Atlantic Alliance
Challenges to the International Security Front
Strains over Environmental Policy
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
33. EAST ASIA: THE RECENT DECADES
Japan
The Occupation
Parliamentary Politics
Economic Growth
Japanand the World
China
Soviet Period (1950-1960)
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1965-1976)
ChinaAfter Mao
Taiwan
Korea
A Japanese Colony
North and South
Civil War and U.S. Involvement
Recent Developments
Vietnam
The Colonial Backdrop
The Anticolonial War
The Vietnam War
War with Cambodia
Recent Developments
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
34. Posstcolonialism and Beyond: Latin America, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
Beyond the Postcolonial Era
Latin AmericaSince 1945
Revolutionary Challenges
Pursuit of Stability Under the Threat of Revolution
Continuity and Change in Recent Latin American History
Postcolonial Africa
The Transition to Independence
The African Future
Trade and Development
The Islamic Heartlands, from North Africa to Indonesia
Turkey
Iranand Its Islamic Revolution
Afghanistanand the Former Soviet Republics
India
Pakistanand Bangladesh
Indonesiaand Malaysia
The Postcolonial Middle East
Postcolonial Nations in the Middle East
The Arab-Israeli Conflict
Middle Eastern Oil
The Rise of Militant Islamism
Iraq and United States: Intervention and Occupation
Summary
Review Questions
Key Terms
Textul de pe ultima copertă
The Heritage of World Civilizations, Eighth Edition is available in the following formats:
Combined Volume
(hardback)
Chapters 1-34
0-13-601905-6
Volume 1: To 1700
(paperback)
Chapters 1-18
0-13-600277-3
Volume 2: Since 1500
(paperback)
Chapters 15-34
0-13-600322-2
About the Cover
Pedestrians in the Streets of Tokyo, Japan
Formerly known as Edo, the city was renamed Tokyo by the emperor Meiji in 1868. With 30 million inhabitants, Tokyo is the world's most populous urban area, stretching over 87 miles along the eastern coast of the island of Honshu. Repeatedly destroyed by fires, earthquakes, and especially bombing in World War II, Tokyo is constantly undergoing change and boasts many innovative architectural projects. Beyond the busy intersections and freeways lies a city of hidden villages, each with its own individual identity, and where bicycles are osten more common than cars.
Combined Volume
(hardback)
Chapters 1-34
0-13-601905-6
Volume 1: To 1700
(paperback)
Chapters 1-18
0-13-600277-3
Volume 2: Since 1500
(paperback)
Chapters 15-34
0-13-600322-2
About the Cover
Pedestrians in the Streets of Tokyo, Japan
Formerly known as Edo, the city was renamed Tokyo by the emperor Meiji in 1868. With 30 million inhabitants, Tokyo is the world's most populous urban area, stretching over 87 miles along the eastern coast of the island of Honshu. Repeatedly destroyed by fires, earthquakes, and especially bombing in World War II, Tokyo is constantly undergoing change and boasts many innovative architectural projects. Beyond the busy intersections and freeways lies a city of hidden villages, each with its own individual identity, and where bicycles are osten more common than cars.
Caracteristici
New design and art program
(The entire text has been set in a lively and engaging new design.)
(Provides students with highly visual, detailed maps to enhance the essential geographical connection and how it has helped to shaped history.)
New improved organization. Though the number of chapters remains unchanged in the Eighth Edition, the organization of several chapters has been revised to improve narrative flow and highlight important topics more clearly.
Overview Tables - summarize key concepts and reinforce material presented in the main narrative.
Chronologies - within each chapter help students situate key events in time.
Key Terms - are boldfaced in the text, listed (with page reference) at the end of each chapter (along with phonetic spellings when appropriate, and are defined in the book’s glossary.
Interactive Maps - usually one per chapter, prompt students to explore the relationship between geography and history in a dynamic fashion.
Chapter Summaries - conclude each chapter, organized by subtopic, and recap important points.
Chapter Review Questions - help students interpret the broad themes of each chapter. These questions can be used for class discussion and essay topics.
(The entire text has been set in a lively and engaging new design.)
- Helps students visualize important data as they are reading.
- Each of the 34 chapters includes photos never before depicted in previous editions of text and the number of illustrations has been increased. Several new graphs and tables have also been added to the text.
(Provides students with highly visual, detailed maps to enhance the essential geographical connection and how it has helped to shaped history.)
- The entire map program for the 8th Edition has been completely clarified and expanded. As in previous editions, great attention has been paid to extending and refining the map program for The Heritage of World Civilizations. The Eighth Edition includes twenty-four new maps that graphically illustrate key developments in global history. In addition, when appropriate, existing maps in the text have been redesigned and modified for greater visual appeal and accuracy. Many maps are now accompanied by a global locator that helps students situate the main map in a wider geographical setting.
- Maps new to the Eighth Edition
- Early Human Migrations
- Mohenjo-Daro
- Philosophical Schools in the Mediterranean, ca. 600 BCE–100 CE
- Kumbi Saleh
- Early Korean States
- Vietnam and Neighboring Southeast Asia
- Great Zimbabwe
- The Russian Empire, ca. 1500
- European Explorations of the Americas, ca.-1550
- Origins of African Slaves Sent to the Americas
- Korea during the Choson Era
- India under the Mughals
- Subscriptions to the Encyclopedia
- The Haitian Revolution
- The Languages of Europe, ca. 1850
- British India
- West Asia, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean, ca. 1700.
- Nineteenth-century Reform Movements in Africa and Arabia
- The Long March
- The Colonial Economy of Africa
- The American Domain - 1900
- Growth of European Union
- Displaced Peoples in Europe after World War II
- Distribution of HIV in Africa
- Chapter 5, on the early history of Africa, now includes extensive discussion of the sources and tools used by anthropologists and historians in their work.
- Chapter 9, formerly devoted to the early history of Japan, now embraces a wider perspective to examine early state formation and cultural developments in Korea and Vietnam as well.
- Chapter 10 now includes discussion of Nestorian Christianity.
- The coverage of African history from 1000 to 1700 is now in Chapter 14 (formerly Chapter 17) to more fully integrate the discussion of crucial African developments in this period with developments in Europe and the Americas during this time.
- Chapter 18, on the formation of an Atlantic World in the sixteenth-eighteenth centuries, now includes the most recent data on the slave trade and an expanded discussion of the Columbian Exchange.
- Chapter 27, on India, the Islamic World, and Africa in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has been extensively revised to sharpen the perspective of native peoples on the experience of imperialism.
- Chapter 32'sdiscussion of the West since World War II now presents coverage of climate change and then tensions this has caused between the United States and Europe.
- Chapter 34, the final chapter, has been extensively revised to highlight important recent events in the Africa, Latin America, South Asia, and the Middle East.
- Offers students opportunities to think critically about problems in world history using textual and visual evidence.
- Problems include the nature of kingship in early societies, Islam’s encounter with the “other,” perspectives on the Atlantic slave trade, Japan’s relations with the outside world during the Tokugawa shogunate, and feminism and civil rights after World War II.
- Students are asked to consider how the sources relate to each other and how they shed light on the problems historians face in interpreting the past.
- Extensively developed with the guidance of historians and teachers, the revised and updated DVD version includes over 800 sources in world history–from cave art to satellite images of the Earth from space.
- More sources from Africa, Latin America, and southeast Asia have been added to this revised and updated DVD version.
- All sources are accompanied by headnotes, focus questions, and are searchable by topic, region, or region.
- Lets instructors stress the areas that are important to them while exposing students to all of the elements that combine to form the world's history.
- Illustrates for students the drama and the importance of understanding how various processes and surrounding issues people faced have had lasting impact on the development of world history.
- Offers students an essential global framework for understanding history.
- Emphasis is placed on the diffusion of ideas, trade, cultural exchange, and encounter.
- Each chapter begins with a "Global Perspective" section that succinctly places the regions and topics that are to be discussed in a wider, global framework. In addition, each of the seven Parts opens with a two-page global map that visually depicts the key themes in the chapters that follows.
- Connects for students the study of the world's civilizations with the most ancient roots of the people within them.
- Questions accompanying the source documents direct students toward important, thought-provoking issues and help them relate the documents to the main narrative.
Overview Tables - summarize key concepts and reinforce material presented in the main narrative.
Chronologies - within each chapter help students situate key events in time.
Key Terms - are boldfaced in the text, listed (with page reference) at the end of each chapter (along with phonetic spellings when appropriate, and are defined in the book’s glossary.
Interactive Maps - usually one per chapter, prompt students to explore the relationship between geography and history in a dynamic fashion.
Chapter Summaries - conclude each chapter, organized by subtopic, and recap important points.
Chapter Review Questions - help students interpret the broad themes of each chapter. These questions can be used for class discussion and essay topics.
Caracteristici noi
New design and art program
(The entire text has been set in a lively and engaging new design.)
(Provides students with highly visual, detailed maps to enhance the essential geographical connection and how it has helped to shaped history.)
New improved organization. Though the number of chapters remains unchanged in the Eighth Edition, the organization of several chapters has been revised to improve narrative flow and highlight important topics more clearly.
(The entire text has been set in a lively and engaging new design.)
- Helps students visualize important data as they are reading.
- Each of the 34 chapters includes photos never before depicted in previous editions of text and the number of illustrations has been increased. Several new graphs and tables have also been added to the text.
(Provides students with highly visual, detailed maps to enhance the essential geographical connection and how it has helped to shaped history.)
- The entire map program for the 8th Edition has been completely clarified and expanded. As in previous editions, great attention has been paid to extending and refining the map program for The Heritage of World Civilizations. The Eighth Edition includes twenty-four new maps that graphically illustrate key developments in global history. In addition, when appropriate, existing maps in the text have been redesigned and modified for greater visual appeal and accuracy. Many maps are now accompanied by a global locator that helps students situate the main map in a wider geographical setting.
- Maps new to the Eighth Edition
- Early Human Migrations
- Mohenjo-Daro
- Philosophical Schools in the Mediterranean, ca. 600 BCE—100 CE
- Kumbi Saleh
- Early Korean States
- Vietnam and Neighboring Southeast Asia
- Great Zimbabwe
- The Russian Empire, ca. 1500
- European Explorations of the Americas, ca.-1550
- Origins of African Slaves Sent to the Americas
- Korea during the Choson Era
- India under the Mughals
- Subscriptions to the Encyclopedia
- The Haitian Revolution
- The Languages of Europe, ca. 1850
- British India
- West Asia, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean, ca. 1700.
- Nineteenth-century Reform Movements in Africa and Arabia
- The Long March
- The Colonial Economy of Africa
- The American Domain - 1900
- Growth of European Union
- Displaced Peoples in Europe after World War II
- Distribution of HIV in Africa
- Chapter 5, on the early history of Africa, now includes extensive discussion of the sources and tools used by anthropologists and historians in their work.
- Chapter 9, formerly devoted to the early history of Japan, now embraces a wider perspective to examine early state formation and cultural developments in Korea and Vietnam as well.
- Chapter 10 now includes discussion of Nestorian Christianity.
- The coverage of African history from 1000 to 1700 is now in Chapter 14 (formerly Chapter 17) to more fully integrate the discussion of crucial African developments in this period with developments in Europe and the Americas during this time.
- Chapter 18, on the formation of an Atlantic World in the sixteenth-eighteenth centuries, now includes the most recent data on the slave trade and an expanded discussion of the Columbian Exchange.
- Chapter 27, on India, the Islamic World, and Africa in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has been extensively revised to sharpen the perspective of native peoples on the experience of imperialism.
- Chapter 32'sdiscussion of the West since World War II now presents coverage of climate change and then tensions this has caused between the United States and Europe.
- Chapter 34, the final chapter, has been extensively revised to highlight important recent events in the Africa, Latin America, South Asia, and the Middle East.
- Offers students opportunities to think critically about problems in world history using textual and visual evidence.
- Problems include the nature of kingship in early societies, Islam’s encounter with the “other,” perspectives on the Atlantic slave trade, Japan’s relations with the outside world during the Tokugawa shogunate, and feminism and civil rights after World War II.
- Students are asked to consider how the sources relate to each other and how they shed light on the problems historians face in interpreting the past.
- Extensively developed with the guidance of historians and teachers, the revised and updated DVD version includes over 800 sources in world history—from cave art to satellite images of the Earth from space.
- More sources from Africa, Latin America, and southeast Asia have been added to this revised and updated DVD version.
- All sources are accompanied by headnotes, focus questions, and are searchable by topic, region, or region.