Title IV aid and tax expenditures help reduce the cost of attendance for students and families. Students and families may be eligible for multiple Title IV programs and tax expenditures, depending on each program's rules. We identified seven Title IV programs and eight tax expenditures that help students and families save for, pay, and repay the costs of higher education; the seven Title IV programs we reviewed account for about 89 percent of the total aid available for higher education and training through Education in fiscal year 2011.