Although economic nationalism was a general policy outcome of nation states, East Central Europe was especially affected because of its backwardness, its belated nation building and its ethnic mixture. Already the national movements called "each to his own" to strengthen national power. During the interwar years the young nation states pursued policies of state interventionism, whose heritage is alive until today. During the last decade, economic nationalism became an issue of research, influenced by the dependency theory and cultural studies. Eminent scholars such as Iván Berend, Alice Teichova, Joseph Love and Jean Batou examine economic nationalism in general and in case studies of the Czech lands, Romania and other countries. This volume presents contributions for the International Economic History Congress in Helsinki 2006.