Human Zoos: From the Hottentot Venus to Reality Shows

One of the first modern exhibitions of living humans was produced by the great American showman and charlatan P. T. Barnum who infamously introduced the public to Siamese twins Chang and Eng Bunker and George Washington’s supposed “mammy,” Joice Heth, in 1835. Human zoo exhibits like Barnum’s—forgotten symbols of the colonial area predicated on a vague scientific racism—have been largely  repressed in our collective memory. Human Zoos, which begins with the early nineteenth-century exhibition of the Hottentot Venus and proceeds through a history of showcasing “savages” and “peoples of the world”—in New York, Moscow, Paris, and Tokyo, among other places—in a chronicle of our cultural effort to present the Other as a spectacle, unearths the men, women, and children who became extras in an imaginary history that was by no means their own. A bestseller on its original publication in France, with the addition of newly commissioned chapters and a contemporary translation, this unique and remarkable volume discusses a crucial phenomenon at the heart of Western fantasies, allowing us to understand anew the genesis of popular racism and cultural identity that fueled our fascination with colonial and imperial cultures.