Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food crop of the world. Though it has received more attention from a research point of view breaking of yield plateau is of major task apart from improvement of specific traits. In this direction pooling of yield contributing alleles has already reached saturation and hence requires an alternative approach. It has been realized that development of hybrids which are well suited to growing environmental condition in question is an alternative approach. The present book highlights the importance of hybrid rice for rainfed upland and aerobic condition. This book gives comprehensive information about process of hybrid rice development and identification of new restorers and maintainers which can be further utilized for the development of new male sterile line (A line) maintainer line (B line) and restorer line (R line). It also gives highlights about breeding approaches used to select the superior hybrids based on heterosis and other selection parameters. This information is of great use to the breeders and researchers who are willing to work on the genetic improvement of crop species through heterosis breeding approach.