Hydroclimatology is a promising field of research in hydrology and water resources engineering that uses the information from the field of atmospheric science. Major focus of this book is to demonstrate different methodology to identify and capture the variability and uncertainty associated with the hydrologic variables through hydroclimatic teleconnection. In the recent scenario of climate changes, the focus of this book is highly relevant since the natural variability and uncertainty associated with the hydrologic variables is of great concern to the community. There are two broad parts of this book. The first part deals with the large continental scale hydrologic phenomena, whereas the second part deals with the hydroclimatic analysis at smaller spatio-temporal scales. The approaches presented in this book are general in nature and can be applied to other parts of the world.