Participation and representation are two fundamental elements and principles of democracy. They affirm that a democracy is dependent on its citizens and that this ownership is expressed through meaningful participation by and representation of all citizens in democratic institutions and processes. Underpinning all this is the idea that every citizen, regardless of class, age, gender, sexual orientation, ability, group, culture and ethnic or religious background, should have an equal right and opportunity to engage with and contribute to the functioning of these institutions and processes. This publication documents and highlights the experiences and innovation of regional organisations in promoting inclusive political participation and representation. Focused on civil society engagement, gender mainstreaming and regional parliaments, this publication should not only provide food for thought for policy makers and practitioners, but also facilitate understanding of the contexts in which regional organisations operate.